Figure 2.

Effects of xanthohumol (Xn) on cell cycle distribution in colon cancer cell lines. After 24 h of culture, colon cancer cells SW620, SW480, and HT29 were treated with medium containing vehicle control (0.1 % DMSO; Co) or increasing concentrations of Xn (2.5, 5, and 10 µM) for 24 and 48 h. Cells were collected and analyzed by flow cytometry after staining with propidium iodide (PI). Histograms represent quantitative analysis of cell distribution in the cell cycle phases (mean ± SD of three independent experiments). p values were determined by a two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001.