Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of subjects according to hypertension status in the cross-sectional study
| Normotension | Hypertension | P-value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline Characteristics | N = 1727 | N = 608 | N = 1119 | |
| Gender (male, %) | 258 (42.4) | 510 (45.6) | 0.224 | |
| Age (years) | 66 ± 9 | 72 ± 8 | < 0.001 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.8 ± 2.8 | 23.4 ± 3.2 | < 0.001 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 78.9 ± 8.0 | 82.7 ± 8.9 | < 0.001 | |
| WHtR | 0.51 ± 0.05 | 0.54 ± 0.06 | < 0.001 | |
| WHpR | 0.88 ± 0.06 | 0.91 ± 0.06 | < 0.001 | |
| Smoking habit (never/past/light/heavy (%)) | 71.2/15.5/5.3/8.1 | 72.4/20.5/1.7/5.5 | < 0.001 | |
| Drinking status (never/occasional/light/heavy (%)) | 50.5/25.2/8.7/15.6 | 50.3/20.6/10.3/18.9 | 0.069 | |
| Exercise habits (%) | 36.0 | 38.0 | 0.435 | |
| Cardiovascular disease (%) | 4.6 | 8.0 | 0.009 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 122 ± 12 | 144 ± 15 | < 0.001 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 72 ± 8 | 81 ± 10 | < 0.001 | |
| Antihypertensive medication (%) | 0 | 68.7 | < 0.001 | |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 83 (61–114) | 91 (69–129) | < 0.001 | |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 68 ± 18 | 64 ± 16 | < 0.001 | |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 122 ± 29 | 119 ± 30 | 0.047 | |
| Antidyslipidemic medication (%) | 14.3 | 26.5 | < 0.001 | |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 5.6 (5.4–5.8) | 5.7 (5.5–6.0) | < 0.001 | |
| Antidiabetic medication (%) | 5.6 | 10.5 | < 0.001 | |
| Serum uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.1 ± 1.3 | 5.4 ± 1.4 | < 0.001 | |
| Estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2/year) | 74.9 ± 9.8 | 69.6 ± 12.2 | < 0.001 | |
BMI body mass index; WHtR waist/height ratio; WHpR waist/hip ratio; HDL high-density lipoprotein; LDL low-density lipoprotein; GFR glomerular filtration ratio. Data presented are mean ± standard deviation. Data for triglycerides and hemoglobin A1c is skewed, and presented as median (interquartile range) values. * P-value: Student’s t-test for the continuous variables or the χ2 test for the categorical variables. Bold values indicate significance (p < 0.05)