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. 2020 May 14;21:39. doi: 10.1186/s12910-020-00475-5

Table 4.

Knowledge of physicians regarding research ethics principles and its association with independent variables

Mean ± SD (Over 10)
Knowledge of physicians (331) 4.6 ± 1.72
r correlation pValue
Age 0.6 0.92
Mean ± SD
Gender (323)
 Female 4.72 ± 1.64 0.413
 Male 4.56 ± 1.70
Level of Education (322)
 M.D. 4.57 ± 1.66 0.01
 Ph.D. 5.05 ± 1.85
 Board certified 4.91 ± 1.48
 Masters 3.50 ± 1.55
Professional status (307)
 Professor 5.76 ± 1.54 0.000
 Associate Professor 5.32 ± 1.32
 Assistant Professor 5.21 ± 2.37
 Senior Lecturer 4.77 ± 1.63
 Clinician 4.31 ± 1.62
 Resident doctors 3.81 ± 1.06
 Research Officers 5.00 ± 1.58
Medical Speciality (331)
 Internal Medicine 4.68 ± 1.61 0.8
 Obstetrics/Gynaecology 4.28 ± 1.24
 Paediatric 4.47 ± 1.47
 Surgery 4.59 ± 1.59
 Others 4.67 ± 1.93
Prior research Involvement (331)
 Yes 4.76 ± 1.76
 No 4.13 ± 1.51
Prior training in research ethics (302)
 Yes 4.98 ± 1.8 0.001
 No 4.43 ± 1.36
r correlation
Years of experience (272) 6.7 0.25