Table 5.
Summary of HWP reporting in GHG inventories 1990–2016 for each Annex I country
| Countries | HWP approaches | HWP C stock change trend | HWP_CSC/(FL_CSC + HWP_CSC) | Net CO2 from HWP/national total GHG emissions (excl./incl. LULUCF) | Hypothesis CO2 credit of HWP (top 1/3—average)/national total net GHG emissionsa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | SC | Continuous C gains | 28.6% | − 1.3%/− 1.1% | − 0.2% |
| Austria | P | Continuous C gains | 50.7% | − 3.1%/− 3.6% | − 1.7% |
| Belgium | P(KP) | Total C loss | − 11.9% | 0.2%/0.2% | − 0.1% |
| Bulgaria | P(KP) | Total C loss | − 1.7% | 0.3%/0.4% | − 0.6% |
| Belarus | NE | – | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Canada | S | Total C gain | 0.1% | 0.0%/0.0% | 0.0% |
| Switzerland | P(KP) | Continuous C gains | − 36.0% | − 0.9%/−0.9% | − 0.5% |
| Cyprus | P | Total C loss | 41.5% | 0.2%/0.2% | − 0.2% |
| Czechia | SCAD(KP) | Total C gain | 31.1% | − 0.7%/− 0.7% | − 0.6% |
| Germany | P | Total C gain | 16.6% | − 0.5%/−0.5% | − 0.5% |
| Denmark | P | Total C gain | − 26.9% | 0.0%/0.0% | − 0.2% |
| Spain | P | Continuous C gains | 5.9% | −0.6%/− 0.6% | − 0.4% |
| Estonia | P(KP) | Total C gain | 29.3% | − 3.1%/− 3.6% | − 2.0% |
| Finland | P | Total C gain | 12.4% | − 5.1%/− 7.7% | − 4.7% |
| France | P | Continuous C gains | 6.1% | − 0.8%/− 0.8% | − 0.3% |
| UK | P | Continuous C gains | 12.2% | − 0.3%/− 0.3% | − 0.1% |
| Greece | P | Continuous C gains | 10.5% | − 0.2%/− 0.2% | − 0.2% |
| Croatia | SCAD(KP) | Total C gain | 3.1% | − 0.8%/1.0% | − 1.3% |
| Hungary | P | Total C loss | − 0.6% | 0.0%/0.0% | − 0.2% |
| Ireland | P | Continuous C gains | 26.3% | − 1.3%/1.2% | − 0.4% |
| Iceland | SCAD(KP) | Total C loss | − 0.1% | 0.0%/0.0% | 0.0% |
| Italia | P(KP) | Total C gain | 1.4% | − 0.1%/0.1% | − 0.1% |
| Japan | P(KP) | Total C loss | − 0.7% | 0.0%/0.1% | − 0.1% |
| Kazakhstan | IO | – | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Lichtenstein | P(KP) | Total C gain | 13.4% | − 0.3%/− 0.3% | − 0.5% |
| Lithuania | P | Continuous C gains | 13.5% | − 4.7%/− 6.6% | − 2.0% |
| Luxemburg | IO(KP) | – | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Latvia | P(KP) | Total C gain | 33.8% | − 12.9%/− 49.3% | − 12.4% |
| Monaco | NO | – | – | – | – |
| Malta | NE | – | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Netherland | P(KP) | Total C loss | − 3.6% | 0.0%/0.0% | 0.0% |
| Norway | P | Total C gain | 2.2% | − 0.6%/− 0.9% | − 1.5% |
| New Zealand | P | Continuous C gains | 20.4% | − 6.9%/− 11.2% | − 3.6% |
| Poland | P(KP) | Continuous C gains | 8.7% | − 0.6%/− 0.7% | − 0.3% |
| Portugal | P | Total C gain | 7.9% | − 1.1%/− 1.1% | − 0.6% |
| Romania | P | Total C gain | 9.3% | − 1.7%/− 2.1% | − 2.2% |
| Russia | P | Total C loss | − 0.3% | 0.1%/0.1% | − 0.2% |
| Slovakia | SCAD (KP) | Total C gain | 16.3% | − 1.6%/− 2.0% | − 1.8% |
| Slovenia | P | Total C gain | 1.3% | − 0.4%/− 0.6% | − 0.7% |
| Sweden | P | Continuous C gains | 21.8% | − 11.0%/− 30.6% | − 7.8% |
| Turkey | P | Continuous C gains | 11.9% | − 1.1%/− 1.2% | − 1.1% |
| Ukraine | P | Total C loss | − 2.4% | 0.3%/0.3% | − 0.3% |
| United States of America | P | Continuous C gains | 23.6% | − 1.4%/− 1.6% | − 0.4% |
| Total | – | C gains | 9.2% | − 0.9%/− 1.0% | − 0.4% |
IO instantaneous oxidation, SC stock-change, P production, SCAD stock change approach for HWP of domestic origin, S simple-decay, KP applying the LULUCF accounting rule for the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, NE not estimated, NO not occurring
aDifference between a hypothetical baseline based on the average of annual carbon stock changes for the period from 1990 to 2016 and the largest carbon gains within the top one-third for the same period