Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study patients according to the presence of ischemia lesion
| Total (n = 45) | Non-ischemia patient(n = 20) | Ischemia patient (n = 25) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical variable | ||||
| Age (years) | 59.6 ± 4.7 | 58.2 ± 4.8 | 60.7 ± 4.4 | 0.073 |
| Male | 34 (75.6) | 13 (65.0) | 21 (84.0) | 0.176 |
| Body weight (kg) | 73.8 ± 11.1 | 74.7 ± 13.5 | 73.1 ± 9.0 | 0.649 |
| Height (m) | 1.69 ± 0.08 | 1.69 ± 0.09 | 1.70 ± 0.07 | 0.689 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.7 ± 2.8 | 26.1 ± 3.2 | 25.4 ± 2.4 | 0.382 |
| BSA (m2) | 1.86 ± 0.18 | 1.86 ± 0.21 | 1.85 ± 0.14 | 0.818 |
| Hypertension | 26 (57.8) | 10 (50.0) | 16 (64.0) | 0.379 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 13 (28.9) | 3 (15.0) | 10 (40.0) | 0.100 |
| Hypercholesteromia | 15 (33.3) | 6 (30.0) | 9 (36.0) | 0.757 |
| Current smoking | 17 (37.8) | 5 (25.0) | 12 (48.0) | 0.135 |
| PAD or stroke | 3 (6.7) | 2 (10.0) | 1 (4.0) | 0.577 |
| Family history of CAD | 5 (11.1) | 2 (10.0) | 3 (12.0) | 1.000 |
| LVEF (%) | 65.2 ± 5.3 | 66.4 ± 5.6 | 64.2 ± 5.0 | 0.181 |
| Procedural variable | ||||
| Time interval (day) | 11.3 ± 8.4 | 12.9 ± 9.2 | 10.1 ± 7.7 | 0.304 |
| No. of diseased vessels | 0.005 | |||
| 0-vessel disease a | 2 (4.4) | 2 (10.0) | 0 | |
| 1-vessel disease | 30 (66.7) | 17 (85.0) | 13 (52.0) | |
| 2-vessel disease | 7 (15.6) | 1 (5.0) | 6 (24.0) | |
| 3-vessel disease | 6 (13.3) | 0 | 6 (24.0) | |
| No. of lesions per-patient | 1.51 ± 0.73 | 1.15 ± 0.37 | 1.80 ± 0.82 | 0.003 |
| No. of ischemia lesions per-patient | 0.67 ± 0.71 | 0 | 1.20 ± 0.50 | < 0.001 |
| No. of significantly stenotic lesions per-patient | 0.47 ± 0.59 | 0.15 ± 0.37 | 0.72 ± 0.61 | 0.001 |
| No. of significantly stenotic patients | 19 (42.2) | 3 (15.0) | 16 (64.0) | 0.002 |
| Coronary intervention | 13 (28.9) | 0 | 13 (52.0) | < 0.001 |
| No. of stents | 0.36 ± 0.61 | 0 | 0.64 ± 0.70 | < 0.001 |
| Length of stents | 9.04 ± 15.66 | 0 | 16.3 ± 18.1 | < 0.001 |
| EATparameter | ||||
| Total EAT volume (ml) | 89.6 (73.4, 122.8) | 84.0 (64.7, 110.5) | 102.0 (74.7, 139.8) | 0.077 |
| Total EAT volume index (ml/m2) | 49.8 (40.5, 64.4) | 47.6 (35.1, 55.4) | 53.4 (43.1, 71.6) | 0.032 |
| Medications on discharge | ||||
| Aspirin | 42 (93.3) | 18 (90.0) | 24 (96.0) | 0.577 |
| Clopidogrel | 27 (60.0) | 11 (55.0) | 16 (64.0) | 0.760 |
| Statin | 37 (82.2) | 15 (75.0) | 22 (88.0) | 0.435 |
| ACEI/ARB | 18 (40.0) | 6 (30.0) | 12 (48.0) | 0.359 |
| Nitrates | 28 (62.2) | 8 (40.0) | 20 (80.0) | 0.012 |
BMI body mass index, BSA body surface area, PAD peripheral artery disease, CAD coronary artery disease, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, EAT epicardial adipose tissue, ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB Angiotensin II receptor blocker
aindicated at least one lesion with angiographic diameter stenosis of 30–49% in major epicardial coronary artery