Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of study lesions according to the presence of ischemia
| Total (n = 55) | Non-ischemia lesion (n = 29) | Ischemia lesion (n = 26) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lesion parameter | ||||
| Location | 0.350 | |||
| LAD | 39 (70.9) | 18 (62.1) | 21 (80.8) | |
| LCX | 4 (7.3) | 3 (10.3) | 1 (3.8) | |
| RCA | 12 (21.8) | 8 (27.6) | 4 (15.4) | |
| Segment | 0.584 | |||
| Proximal | 19 (34.5) | 9 (31.0) | 10 (38.5) | |
| Middle | 36 (65.5) | 20 (69.2) | 16 (61.5) | |
| Reference vessel diameter (mm) | ||||
| Proximal | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 4.0 ± 0.5 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 0.341 |
| Distal | 3.0 ± 0.5 | 3.1 ± 0.6 | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 0.069 |
| Stenosis severity | < 0.001 | |||
| 30 ~ 49% | 6 (10.9) | 6 (20.7) | 0 | |
| 50 ~ 74% | 27 (49.1) | 18 (62.1) | 9 (34.6) | |
| ≥ 75% | 22 (40.0) | 5 (17.2) | 17 (65.4) | |
| Plaque length (mm) | 14.2 (11.1, 20.2) | 12.9 (10.8, 16.7) | 19.3 (12.0, 21.5) | 0.028 |
| Plaque volume (mm3) | 139.0 (81.0, 192.0) | 118.0 (76.0, 161.0) | 156.5 (84.8, 220.3) | 0.159 |
| Plaque type | 0.405 | |||
| Non-calcified | 21 (38.2) | 13 (44.8) | 8 (30.8) | |
| Calcified | 34 (61.8) | 16 (55.2) | 18 (69.2) | |
| EAT parameter | ||||
| veEAT volume (ml) | 7.14 (4.93, 9.18) | 7.20 (4.98, 8.54) | 6.89 (4.75, 10.57) | 0.607 |
| veEAT volume index (ml/m2) | 3.80 (2.62, 4.70) | 3.80 (2.67, 4.26) | 3.83 (2.38, 5.87) | 0.508 |
| leEAT volume (ml) | 0.57 (0.35, 0.72) | 0.50 (0.32, 0.66) | 0.64 (0.37, 1.07) | 0.051 |
| leEAT volume index (ml/m2) | 0.30 (0.20, 0.40) | 0.27 (0.19, 0.35) | 0.34 (0.20, 0.53) | 0.045 |
| veEAT density (HU) | ||||
| Proximal reference vessel | −72.91 ± 10.56 | −71.94 ± 9.60 | −74.00 ± 11.63 | 0.475 |
| Distal reference vessel | −90.86 ± 11.82 | −90.40 ± 9.65 | −91.38 ± 14.04 | 0.763 |
| leEAT density (HU) | −77.32 ± 11.63 | −76.54 ± 12.71 | −78.23 ± 10.44 | 0.600 |
| Procedural variable | ||||
| Pre-procedural FFR a | 0.82 ± 0.10 | 0.89 ± 0.05 | 0.74 ± 0.08 | < 0.001 |
| Coronary intervention | 12 (21.8) | 0 | 12 (46.2) | < 0.001 |
| No. of stents per-lesion | 0.24 ± 0.47 | 0 | 0.50 ± 0.58 | < 0.001 |
| Length of stents | 6.38 ± 12.91 | 0 | 13.50 ± 16.12 | < 0.001 |
| Diameter of stents | 0.72 ± 1.38 | 0 | 1.52 ± 1.69 | < 0.001 |
LAD left anterior descending, LCX left circumflex, RCA right coronary artery, EAT epicardial adipose tissue, veEAT peri-vessel epicardial adipose tissue, leEAT peri-lesion epicardial adipose tissue, FFR fractional flow reserve
aindicated FFR was not measured in three lesions of the ischemia group because of angiographically severe stenosis