Table 3.
Updated list of multi-epitope and chimeric T. gondii recombinant antigens used for the serodiagnosis of human toxoplasmosis.
| Antigen | Antigenic regions (AA) | Expression systema | Diagnostic test | No. and details of tested sera | Results | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GST-EC2 | 157–235 MIC2 234–307 MIC3 182–312 SAG1 |
Recombinant protein with GST domain | IgM ELISA IgG ELISA |
170 total; 50 adults with acquired T. gondii infection, 20 infants from mothers with primary T. gondii infection; 100 adults with acquired infection | Sensitivity, 98% (adults), 70% (infants) Sensitivity and specificity, 100% |
Beghetto et al., 2006 |
| GST-EC3 | 36–134 GRA3 24–102 GRA7 37–263 M2AP | IgM ELISA IgG ELISA |
Sensitivity, 84% (adults), 50% (infants) Sensitivity and specificity, 100% |
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| SAG1+SAG2 | 1-336 SAG1 1-186 SAG2 |
Recombinant protein with His tag domain in yeast Pichia pastoris | IgG/IgM Western blot | 110 total; 20 early acute, 20 acute, 20 chronic | Sensitivity and specificity, 100% |
Lau et al., 2011 |
| MIC1+MAG1 | 25-182 MIC1 30-222 MAG1 |
Recombinant protein with His tag domain | IgG ELISA | 110 total; 26 acute, 17 postacute, 67 chronic | Sensitivity, 90.9% overall; 100% (acute and postacute-phase), 85.1% (chronic sera); specificity, 100% | Holec-Gąsior et al., 2012a |
| MIC1+MAG1+SAG1 | 25-182 MIC1 30-222 MAG1 49-198 SAG1 |
Recombinant protein with His tag domain | IgG ELISA | 162 total; 47 acute, 19 postacute, 96 chronic | Sensitivity, 98.1% overall; 100% (acute and postacute-phase), 96.9% (chronic sera); specificity, 100% | Holec-Gąsior et al., 2012b |
| rMEP | 309-318 SAG1_EP2 109-118 SAG2_EP1 347-356 SAG3_EP2 | Recombinant protein with His tag and Trx tag domains | IgG ELISA | 108 total; 32 acute, 76 chronic | Sensitivity, 94.4% overall, 87.5% (acute-phase), 97.4% (chronic sera); specificity, 100% |
Dai et al., 2012 |
| IgM ELISA | 32 total | Sensitivity, 96.9%; specificity, 100% | ||||
| rMEP | 309-318 SAG1_EP2 109-118 SAG2_EP1 347-356 SAG3_EP2 | Recombinant protein with His tag and Trx tag domains | IgG ELISA | 126 total pregnant women; 58 acute, 68 chronic | Sensitivity, 96.4% Overall; 25.9% (acute-phase), 97.1% (chronic sera); specificity, 98.7% |
Dai et al., 2013 |
| IgM ELISA | 58 total pregnant women | Sensitivity, 96.6%; specificity, 100% |
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| SAG2+GRA1+ROP1L | 31-170 SAG2 26-190 GRA1 85-396 ROP1 |
Recombinant protein with His tag domain | IgG ELISA | 172 total; 41 acute, 17 post-acute, 114 chronic | Sensitivity and specificity, 100% | Ferra et al., 2015 |
| USM.TOXO1 (SAG1+GRA2+GRA7) | 202-217 SAG1 67-82 SAG1 88-103 SAG1 61-76 GRA2 153-168 GRA2 28-42 GRA2 26-41 GRA7 199-214 GRA7 162-177 GRA7 |
Recombinant protein with His tag domain | IgG ELISA | 157 total; 6 acute, 151 chronic | Sensitivity, 85.43%; specificity, 81.25% | Hajissa et al., 2015, 2017 |
| SAG2+GRA1+ROP1+ AMA1N | 31–170 SAG2 26–190 GRA1 85–396 ROP1 67–287 AMA1N |
Recombinant protein with His tag domain | IgG ELISA IgM ELISA IgG avidity |
192 total; 64 suspected acute, 128 chronic 124 total; 66 acute, 58 chronic 60 total; 29 suspected acute, 31 chronic |
Sensitivity and specificity, 100% Sensitivity, 90.9%; specificity, 97.1% Sensitivity, 96.8%; specificity, 100% |
Ferra et al., 2019 |
| AMA1N+SAG2+GRA1 +ROP1 |
68–287 AMA1N 31–170 SAG2 26–190 GRA1 85–396 ROP1 |
IgG ELISA IgM ELISA IgG avidity |
Sensitivity and specificity, 100% Sensitivity, 84.9%; specificity, 99% Sensitivity, 96.8%; specificity, 100% | |||
| AMA1C+SAG2+GRA +ROP1 |
287–569 AMA1C 31–170 SAG2 26–190 GRA1 85–396 ROP1 |
IgG ELISA IgM ELISA IgG avidity |
Sensitivity and specificity, 100% Sensitivity, 92.4%; specificity, 91.4% Sensitivity, 87.1%; specificity, 100% |
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| AMA1+SAG2+GRA1 +ROP1 |
68–569 AMA1 31–170 SAG2 26–190 GRA1 85–396 ROP1 | IgG ELISA IgM ELISA IgG avidity |
Sensitivity and specificity, 100% Sensitivity, 95.5%; specificity, 99% Sensitivity and specificity, 100% |
a
All recombinant proteins were produced in E. coli unless specified.