Table 1. Descriptive statistics for the full sample and each language group separately.
The language composite score is the average of standard scores from the six language assessments. The NVIQ composite is the averaged of standard scores from the two nonverbal IQ assessments. Emotion recognition scores are raw total accuracy scores on each task.
| Full sample n = 369 | Typical language n = 272 | DLD n = 67 | LD+ n = 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
| Age Year 1 (Years) | 5.97 (0.39) | 5.97 (0.40) | 5.90 (0.35) | 6.13 (0.34) |
| Age Year 6 (Years) | 11.16 (0.34) | 11.16 (0.34) | 11.12 (0.36) | 11.24 (0.31) |
| Male n (%) | 185 (50%) | 129 (47%) | 37 (55%) | 19 (63%) |
| Language composite Year 1 | −0.59 (1.06) | −0.09 (0.85) | −1.78 (0.49) | −2.50 (0.67) |
| NVIQ composite Year 1 | −0.39 (1.07) | −0.13 (0.98) | −0.83 (0.65) | −1.81 (1.19) |
| ER faces Year 6a | 0.76 (0.12) | 0.79 (0.10) | 0.71 (0.14) | 0.61 (0.13) |
| ER voices Year 6b | 0.75 (0.11) | 0.78 (0.08) | 0.71 (0.12) | 0.59 (0.16) |
Notes.
- NVIQ
- non-verbal IQ
- ER
- Emotion recognition
a
Based on 362 total, 272 TL, 67 DLD, 29 LD+
b
Based on 359 total, 278 TL, 63 DLD, 30 LD+