Figure 5.

Brain cytokine measurement in offspring of dams exposed to filtered air (FA), e-cigarette aerosol (PG/VG), or e-cigarette aerosol with nicotine ($+\text{Nic}$). Following behavioral assessments, offspring from e-cigarette-treated and control dams were sacrificed and brains processed for cytokine quantification using bead-based multiplex assays. Reported are (A) $\text{IFN}\mathrm{\gamma }$ levels in the hippocampus and (B) correlation with swimming behavior in the forced swim test, (C) $\text{IFN}\mathrm{\gamma }$ in the diencephalon and (D) correlation with swimming behavior, (E) IL-4 concentrations in the diencephalon, and (F) IL-6 concentrations in the cerebellum. *$p<0.05$, **$p<0.01$ as determined by two-way factorial ANOVA followed by simple main effects analysis and Tukey post hoc. Correlations were tested using Spearman’s rho. Plots represent individual mice; bars represent marginal means $\pm \text{SE}$; scatterplots include both male and female offspring. FA (8 litters) [males ($n=7–8$, females $n=7–8$)]; PG/VG (8 litters) [males ($n=7–8$), females ($n=7–8$)]; $+\text{Nic}$ (8 litters) [males ($n=7–8$, females $n=7–8$)]. Note: ANOVA, analysis of variance; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; PG/VG, propylene glycol/vegetable glycerin; SE, standard error; $+\text{Nic}$, propylene glycol/vegetable glycerin plus nicotine.