Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics, National Study of Midlife Development in the United States, 1995–2014 (N = 6,016 Observations of 3,102 Individuals)
| Wave 1 (n = 3,034) | Wave 2 (n = 1,805) | Wave 3 (n = 1,177) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD), or % | Mean (SD), or % | Mean (SD), or % | |
| Social integration | 4.67 (1.45) | 4.86 (1.33) | 4.85 (1.33) |
| Perceived neighborhood quality | 3.40 (0.54) | 3.47 (0.52) | 3.48 (0.52) |
| Daily discrimination | 1.75 (0.72) | 1.74 (0.67) | 1.70 (0.68) |
| Experienced depression | 13.78% | 11.36% | 10.20% |
| Age | 47.06 (13.12) | 56.85 (12.62) | 64.72 (11.37) |
| Family support | 1.58 (0.62) | 1.50 (0.61) | 1.52 (0.60) |
| Friend support | 1.78 (0.68) | 1.74 (0.67) | 1.69 (0.63) |
| Years lived in neighborhood | 14.28 (17.38) | 16.82 (14.84) | 20.78 (15.95) |
| Gender | |||
| Female | 51.52% | 54.68% | 53.27% |
| Male | 48.48% | 45.32% | 46.73% |
| Race | |||
| White | 85.23% | 89.92% | 91.33% |
| Black | 6.62% | 5.43% | 4.59% |
| Other race | 8.14% | 4.65% | 4.08% |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Hispanic | 3.54% | 3.89% | 3.66% |
| Not Hispanic | 96.46% | 96.11% | 96.34% |
| Education | |||
| Less than high school | 9.93% | 7.10% | 5.27% |
| High school degree | 29.29% | 27.23% | 24.83% |
| Some college | 31.20% | 28.62% | 29.59% |
| College degree | 16.99% | 18.86% | 20.75% |
| Some education beyond college | 12.60% | 18.19% | 19.56% |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 64.04% | 67.37% | 63.83% |
| Divorced/separated | 18.46% | 16.54% | 16.68% |
| Widowed | 5.93% | 8.60% | 11.91% |
| Never married | 11.57% | 7.49% | 7.57% |
| Parental status | |||
| Has children | 82.43% | 87.04% | 87.26% |
| No children | 17.57% | 12.96% | 12.74% |
| Employment status | |||
| Employed | 59.49% | 49.28% | 47.75% |
| Retired | 15.72% | 27.76% | 29.12% |
| Not employed | 24.79% | 22.97% | 23.13% |
| Home ownership status | |||
| Owns home outright | 24.52% | 36.19% | 44.29% |
| Paying on a mortgage | 51.37% | 51.40% | 42.69% |
| Rents home | 24.11% | 12.41% | 13.02% |
| Incomea | $14,609 ($7,050) | $25,969 ($17,798) | $25,234 ($21,161) |
| IADL | 1.62 (0.81) | 1.83 (0.90) | 2.04 (0.98) |
| Self-rated health | 3.45 (1.00) | 3.50 (1.00) | 3.38 (1.06) |
| Neuroticism | 2.25 (0.66) | 2.09 (0.63) | 2.10 (0.63) |
Notes: IADL = instrumental activities of daily living.
aIncome reported in U.S. dollars, calculated from the raw scores. Income was transformed into wave-specific standardized scores for analysis.