Table 2.

Multivariate adjusted Hazard Ratio and its related 95% Confidence Interval for suicide events (1996–2010) by frequency of religious service attendance in 1996.

	Religious service attendance in 1996
	Never	Less than once /week	Once or more /week
Total suicide events (1996–2010, total n=36)	18	11	7
Adjusted for age	Reference	0.91 (0.43–1.94)	0.15 (0.06–0.37)
Adjusted for age and lifestyle demographic variables, and religious service attendance in 1992a	Reference	0.88 (0.38–2.07)	0.16 (0.06–0.45)
Further adjusted for other aspects of social integration in 1992b	Reference	0.85 (0.36–2.00)	0.16 (0.06–0.46)

^aAdjusted for age; employment status (not employed outside the home or retired, employed part-time outside the home, employed full-time outside the home); family history of alcoholism (yes/no); body mass index (<20, 20–24.9, 25–29.9, 30–34.9, ≥35 kg/m²); physical activity in metabolic equivalent of tasks per week (quintiles); caffeine intake (g/day); alcohol intake (g/day); smoking status (never, former, and current in categories of 1–14, 15–24, and ≥25 cigarettes per day); depressive symptoms (yes/no), history of diabetes, hypertension, cancer or hypercholesterolemia (yes/no), family income (quintiles, dollars/year), live alone (yes/no), geographic region (north, south, middle), and religious service attendance in 1992 (never, less than once/week, once or more/week).

^bFurther adjusted for other aspects of social integration in 1992, including marital status(not married, married), relative and friends score, relatives and friends frequency index, and social group participation (none, any number of hours).Social integration score, including score and frequency of relatives and friends were derived based on the definition from Am J Epidemiol 1979;109:186–204. For adjustment, we derived social integration score without religious service attendance components.