Table 3.

Joint associations between religious service attendance in 1996 and Protestant versus Catholic identity.

	Religious affiliation
Frequency of religious service attendance	Protestant		Catholic
	event/Years	HR (95% CI)	event/Years	HR (95% CI)
Never or < Once/week	14/260486	1.0 (Reference)	8/129319	0.97 (0.38–2.46)
≥ once/week	5/292735	0.34 (0.10–1.10)	1/322692	0.05 (0.006–0.45)
HRs (95%CI) for service attendance within strata of religious affiliation		0.34 (0.10–1.10)		0.05 (0.006–0.48)

Model adjusted for age, employment status (not employed outside the home or retired, employed part-time outside the home, employed full-time outside the home); family history of alcoholism (yes/no); body mass index (<20, 20–24.9, 25–29.9, 30–34.9, ≥35 kg/m²); physical activity in metabolic equivalent of tasks per week (quintiles); caffeine intake (g/day); alcohol intake (g/day); smoking status (never, former, and current in categories of 1–14, 15–24, and ≥25 cigarettes per day); depressive symptoms (yes/no), family income (quintiles, dollars/year), live alone (yes/no), geographic region (north, south, middle), and history of diabetes, hypertension, cancer or hypercholesterolemia (yes/no), religious service attendance in 1992 (never, less than once/week, once or more/week), other aspects of social integration in 1992,including marital status(not married, married), relative and friends score, relatives and friends frequency index, and social group participation (none, any number of hours).Social integration score, including score and frequency of relatives and friends were derived based on the definition from Am J Epidemiol 1979;109:186–204. For adjustment, we derived social integration score without religious service attendance components.

P for multiplicative interaction=0.05

RERI= −0.26 (−1.33, 0.81), p for additive interaction=0.63