Table 2.

Factors associated with symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among medical students on univariate and multivariable analysis

Variables	OR	95% CI	P value	Adjusted OR	95% CI	P value
Age (in years)*	1.06	0.98 to 1.15	0.131	1.01	0.92 to 1.10	0.855
Gender (female/ref: male)*	0.96	0.63 to 1.45	0.842	0.83	0.52 to 1.33	0.416
Institution* (ref: University of Yaoundé 1)
University of Bamenda	0.79	0.44 to 1.41	0.431	0.77	0.41 to 1.43	0.406
University of Buea	1.62	0.91 to 2.90	0.102	1.44	0.75 to 2.76	0.252
Others	1.42	0.81 to 2.51	0.220	0.44	0.32 to 1.39	0.165
Academic level (clinical year/ref: preclinical year)	0.86	0.54 to 1.38	0.514
Number of social media accounts*	1.10	0.96 to 1.27	0.160
Number of hours spent on social media per day (4 or more/ref: below 4)	1.25	0.82 to 1.90	0.300
Family history of ADHD (yes/ref: no)*	2.39	0.80 to 7.01	0.114	3.38	1.04 to 10.44	0.035†
History of chronic diseases (yes/ref: no)*	3.25	1.74 to 6.05	<0.001*	2.96	1.49 to 5.86	0.002†
History of head injury (yes/ref: no)	1.31	0.62 to 2.60	0.453
History of heart disease (yes/ref: no)	0.95	0.26 to 2.74	0.929
Snores in sleep (yes/ref: no)	1.38	0.91 to 2.10	0.722
Use of recreational drugs (yes/ref: no)	0.84	0.35 to 1.81	0.679
History of severe depression (yes)*	4.63	2.64 to 8.19	<0.001*	3.49	1.82 to 6.77	<0.001†
History of anxiety disorder (yes)*	3.29	2.14 to 5.06	<0.001*	2.06	1.25 to 3.36	0.004†

*Included in the multivariable analysis C-statistics=70.3%

†Significant p value.