Table 1.

Summary of study characteristics

Study ID	Total N	Age	Participant characteristics	Recruitment pathway	Follow-up time points	Country	Intervention	Intensity and duration of intervention	Control	Objective PA device	Outcomes
Davies et al36	880	Adults 25–75 years old	At risk of T2D	Primary care	6 months 12 months 2 years 3 years	UK	Let’s Prevent programme delivered to groups (focus on weight loss and PA)	6 hours of training delivered over 1 day or 2 half days. Refreshers sessions delivered at 12 m and 24 m, each lasting 3 hours. Phone calls every 3 m offering ongoing support	Booklet on T2D risk	Pedometer	Objective measure: Steps Also measured: Progression to T2DM during 3 years. Lipid levels, HbA1c, medical and medication history, blood pressure, weight, wait and BMI, self-reported physical activity, anxiety, diet, depression, sleep, step count, QOL, change in CV risk.
Harris et al (PACE-Lift)27	298	Older adults 60–75 years old	–	Primary care	3 months 12 months 4 years	UK	Pedometer, handbook and diary +4 nurse consultations	Individual 12 week walking programme	Usual care from their primary care practice. On trial completion offered individual feedback on PA levels by post.	Accelerometer	Objective measures: Steps, MVPA Also measured: Anthropometry (BMI, waist circumference, body fat). PROs for example, measuring anxiety, depression and pain. Adverse outcomes (falls, injuries, fractures, CV disease events and deaths)
Harris et al (PACE-UP)27	1023	Adults 45–75 years old	Inactive <150 mins of MVPA weekly	Primary care	3 months 12 months 3 years	UK	Postal group=pedometer, handbook and diary sent in post Nurse group=pedometer, handbook and diary +3 nurse consultations	Individual 12 week walking programme	Usual care from their primary care practice. On trial completion offered individual feedback on PA levels by post.	Accelerometer	Objective measures: Steps, MVPA Also measured: Anthropometry (BMI, waist circumference, body fat). PROs for example, measuring anxiety, depression and pain. Adverse outcomes (falls, injuries, fractures, CV disease events and deaths)

BMI, body mass index; CV, cardiovascular; MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; PA, physical activity; PRO, patient reported outcomes; QoL, quality of life.