Table 4.
Effect of treatment on mucosal cytokines2, disaccharidase activity3, and secretory immunoglobulin A4 in the ilea of weaned pigs challenged with F18 ETEC
| Treatment1 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Item | NC | PC | DFM1 | DFM2 | SEM | P-value |
| IFNγ | 7.04 | 7.96 | 5.07 | 7.47 | 1.57 | 0.521 |
| IL-1rα | 20.56 | 24.06 | 19.21 | 16.48 | 3.69 | 0.828 |
| IL-1α | 1.66 | 1.88 | 2.11 | 1.70 | 0.27 | 0.421 |
| IL-1β | 8.30 | 9.59 | 12.08 | 7.55 | 1.59 | 0.397 |
| IL-2 | 0.49 | 0.69 | 0.57 | 0.52 | 0.11 | 0.465 |
| IL-4 | 0.79 | 0.48 | 0.58 | 0.48 | 0.17 | 0.508 |
| IL-6 | 0.35 | 0.57 | 0.86 | 0.24 | 0.20 | 0.212 |
| IL-8 | 240.20b | 343.06a | 288.07ab | 283.42ab | 29.13 | 0.011 |
| IL-10 | 0.30 | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.25 | 0.04 | 0.302 |
| IL-12 | 3.06 | 3.81 | 3.14 | 4.35 | 0.44 | 0.214 |
| IL-18 | 220.69 | 227.45 | 223.82 | 229.00 | 27.64 | 0.854 |
| Lactase | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.03 | 0.13 | 0.05 | 0.511 |
| Sucrase | 1.81c | 4.49a | 2.56b | 4.72a | 0.58 | 0.003 |
| Maltase | 7.39c | 14.16ab | 9.61bc | 20.91a | 2.64 | 0.004 |
| sIgA | 2.50a | 1.11b | 1.37b | 0.95b | 0.33 | 0.011 |
1NC (n = 10); PC (n = 9); DFM1 = PC + direct-fed microbial 1 (n = 8; three strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; 7.5 × 105 cfu/g of feed); DFM2 = PC + direct-fed microbial 2 (n = 7; two strains of B. amyloliquefaciens and 1 strain of Bacillus subtilis; 1.5 × 105 cfu/g of feed). Supplementation rates were based on manufacturer’s recommendations (Danisco Animal Nutrition).
2ng/g of mucosa.
3U/min/g of protein.
4μg/mg of protein.
a–c Means with differing superscripts indicate a significant (P < 0.05) difference.