TABLE 1.

Studies Showing the Effects of IF on A1C and Weight Loss in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

	Groups..	Design..	n..	Mean Age, years	Study Duration, months.	Primary Outcome..	Mean Weight Change From Baseline, kg	Mean A1C Change From Baseline, %	P for Change in A1C
Sundfør et al. (12)	Intermittent	RCT	54	49.9	12	Weight loss	−9.1	−0.3	0.2
	Continuous		58	47.5			−9.4	−0.2	0.2
Carter et al. (13)	Intermittent	RCT	70	61.0	12	A1C	−6.8	−0.3	<0.001
	Continuous		67	61.0			−5.0	−0.5	<0.001
Corley et al. (14)	Consecutive	RCT	19	62.0	3	Hypoglycemia	−3.6	−0.6	0.53
	Nonconsecutive		22	58.0	3		−3.1	−0.7	0.53
Li et al. (15)	Fasting	RCT	23	64.7	4	Weight loss	−3.5	−0.2	0.30
	Control		23	65.4			−2.0	−0.2	0.28
Williams et al. (17)	1-day VLCD	RCT	18	51.4	4	Weight loss and glycemic control	−16.5	−0.71	0.38
	5-day VLCD		18	50.3	4		−10.4	−0.97	0.38
	Control		18	54.1	4		−5.4	−0.23	0.38