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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Med. 2019 Nov 16;133(5):613–620.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.08.052

Table 2.

The association of prevalent erectile dysfunction on incident atrial fibrillation risk

Hazard ratio 95% Lower CI 95% Upper CI P value
Unadjusted 3.20 2.05 4.97 < 0.01
Model 1 1.87 1.16 3.02 0.01
Model 2 1.83 1.13 2.97 0.01
Model 3 1.66 1.01 2.72 0.044

Abbreviation: BMI indicates body mass index; CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Model 1 is adjusted for age.

Model 2 is adjusted for Model 1 covariates plus race/ethnicity and education level.

Model 3 is adjusted for Model 1 covariates plus smoking (pack-years), current alcohol use, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, total cholesterol, eGFR (CKD-EPI), anti-hypertensive medication use, and lipid-lowering medication use.