(A to C) MLN cells from lab and rewilded mice were ex vivo cultured with B. subtilis, S. aureus, C. perfringens, B. vulgatus, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and αCD3/CD28 beads for 48 hours and the supernatants were assayed for 13 cytokines. (A and B) Heatmap of significant p-values from Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test between group results comparing fold changes of stimulated cytokine production in rewilded (A) and lab (B) WT mice against Nod2−/−, Atg16l1T316A/+ and Atg16l1T316A/T316A mice respectively. Within each cytokine condition the order of stimulation remains constant as follows; B. subtilis, B. vulgatus. C. albicans, aCD3/CD28, C. perfringens, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus. (C) Representative box plots of the most significant changes between WT and Nod2−/− mice. * P <0.05, ** P <0.01, *** P < 0.001 by Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test between groups (C).