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. 2020 May 15;10:8029. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-64900-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Micro-biopsy device design. (a) The micro-biopsy device features a movable cutting tip inside a cutting tube with a depth-limiting flange. The device is inserted into the cardiac ventricle wall until the collar abuts the wall (usually with a penetration depth of 2–3 mm). The tip is then advanced further into the tissue, rotated and retracted to cut and catch a sub-milligram piece of myocardial tissue. (b) Size comparison with clinically used devices. The micro-EMB device does not enlarge during sampling procedure, causing minimal trauma to the cardiac ventricle wall. (C) Ventricular wall surface after ex-vivo application of a conventional EMB device (black arrow) and the micro-EMB device (white arrow) on the left ventricle of swine. Affected regions are outlined below the image, and shows a reduced size of endocardial surface trauma from the micro-EMB device compared to the conventional EMB device (n = 3 replicates).