Table 3.
Estimated dietary intake (EDI) (µg/day) of pesticide residues through consumption of milk from five different sites of India at lower bound (LB) and upper bound (UB) approaches.
| Pesticides | ADI (ug/Kg bw/d)a | TADI adults (µg/d)b | TADI children (µg/d)c | Bangalore | Bhubaneswar | Guwahati | Ludhiana | Udaipur | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LB | UB | LB | UB | LB | UB | LB | UB | LB | UB | ||||
| Lindane | 5 | 300 | 50 | 0.21 | 1.75 | — | — | 0.06 | 0.44 | 0.098 | 5.81 | 0.04 | 4.03 |
| DDT | 10 | 600 | 100 | — | — | 0.168 | 0.92 | 0.12 | 0.62 | 0.250 | 7.77 | 0.15 | 5.42 |
| Endosulfan | 6 | 360 | 60 | 0.35 | 2.44 | 0.022 | 0.80 | 0.08 | 0.60 | — | — | — | — |
| Fipronil | 0.2 | 12 | 2 | 0.33 | 1.71 | — | — | 0.02 | 0.37 | 0.78 | 5.91 | 0.08 | 3.77 |
| Cyhalothrin | 20 | 1200 | 200 | 0.03 | 2.14 | 0.04 | 0.82 | 0.06 | 0.58 | 0.64 | 8.29 | 0.04 | 5.40 |
| Cypermethrin | 20 | 1200 | 200 | 0.34 | 2.74 | — | — | 0.03 | 0.63 | 1.79 | 10.6 | — | — |
| Permethrin | 50 | 3000 | 500 | 0.09 | 2.60 | 1.152 | 2.07 | 0.13 | 0.75 | 0.304 | 9.48 | 6.76 | 25.9 |
| Chlorpyrifos | 10 | 600 | 100 | 0.48 | 2.37 | 0.135 | 0.83 | 0.05 | 0.53 | 1.62 | 8.52 | 0.38 | 5.88 |
| Profenophos | 30 | 180 | 300 | 0.27 | 2.3 | 0.038 | 0.79 | 0.02 | 0.53 | 0.80 | 8.25 | 0.07 | 5.34 |
| Ethion | 2 | 120 | 20 | 0.29 | 2.7 | 0.073 | 0.96 | 0.1 | 0.70 | 0.824 | 9.64 | 0.24 | 6.72 |
aAcceptable daily intake (ADI) obtained from Codex Alimentarius Commission.
bTADI (total acceptable daily intake) value for adults was obtained by ADI multiplied by average body weight of 60 Kg.
cTADI value for children was obtained by ADI multiplied by average body weight of 10 Kg.
Milk availability: Bangalore: 282 gram, Bhubeneshwar: 104 gram, Guwahati: 70 gram, Ludhiana: 1032 gram and Udaipur: 704 gram (Indiainfoline.com).