| Why carry out this study? |
| World Trade Center (WTC) responders are experiencing early-onset cognitive impairment and are at risk of developing dementia, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). |
| This study examined the application of the NIA-AA framework for AD using Simoa plasma-based neuropathological markers of Aβ42 and Aβ40 for Amyloid, total tau for Tau and NfL for Neurodegeneration (ATN) in 398 WTC responders. |
| What was learned from the study? |
| Our findings support the ATN neuropathological cascade model of AD in WTC responders and identified a novel role for Aβ40 in the ATN framework. |
| Plasma measures of ATN are a viable biomarker for assessing peripheral neuropathology underlying the cognitive impairment observed in WTC responders. |
| This study highlights that AD pathogenesis has different contributions from the each of the two β-amyloid subtypes, which the current ATN model does not specify. |
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