Table II.

Summary of treatment and prosthetic joint infection incidence (n = 20 per group). No intraoperative contamination was found in any of the groups

Group	Treatment	PJI incidence, % (positive n/total n)	p-value*
1	Preoperative intestinal MRSA colonization and implant insertion after eight hours	25 (5/20)	0.007
2	Preoperative intestinal MRSA colonization and implant insertion after 72 hours	10 (2/20)	0.007
3	Implant insertion and postoperative application of MRSA on wound skin	0 (0/20)	0.007
4	Implant insertion and postoperative intravenous injection of MRSA	0 (0/20)	0.007
5	Implant insertion and postoperative intravenous injection of MNin	50 (10/20)	< 0.001
6	Implant insertion and postoperative intravenous injection of MNiv	0 (0/20)	< 0.001
7	Treatment of Group 5 and as control for Groups 8 and 9	55 (11/20)	0.001
8	Treatment of Group 5 and prevention attempt with gentamicin	50 (10/20)	0.001
9	Treatment of Group 5 and prevention attempt with linezolid	5 (1/20)	0.001
10	Implant insertion and postoperative intravenous injection of control MNin	35 (7/20)	< 0.001
11	Implant insertion and postoperative intravenous injection of linezolid-treated MNin	0 (0/20)	< 0.001
12	Implant insertion and postoperative intravenous injection of gentamicin-treated MNin	30 (6/20)	< 0.001

^*Fisher’s exact test.

MNin, intestinal MRSA colonization; MNiv, MRSA-carrying neutrophils isolated from other rats injected intravenously with MRSA; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; PJI, prosthetic joint infection.