TABLE 1.

Changes in Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Outcomes Over Time by High- and Low-Implementation Groups

Healthy Eating Outcomes	Measurement Period	Low Implementation, n = 8		High Implementation, n = 12		Difference in Change Between High and Low Group	95% Confidence Interval	Effect Sizec	95% Confidence Interval
		M (SD)	Δ	M (SD)	Δ
Fruit or vegetablea (e.g., fresh, frozen, or dried)	Baseline	0.8 (1.4)	1.4	0.9 (1.6)	2.7	1.3	[−0.6, 3.1]	0.68	[−0.20, 1.56]
	Outcome	2.1 (2.2)		3.6 (1.7)
Watera (e.g., plain unflavored)	Baseline	2.8 (1.6)	0.4	2.9 (2.2)	2.1	1.7	[0.1, 3.4]	0.79	[−0.10, 1.68]
	Outcome	3.1 (2.1)		5.0 (0.0)
Artificially flavored foodsa (e.g., Doritos®, Cheez-its®)	Baseline	2.1 (1.1)	0.0	2.6 (2.0)	−0.6	−0.6	[−2.0, 1.0]	−0.34	[−1.21, 0.52]
	Outcome	2.1 (1.3)		2.0 (1.6)
Dessertsa (e.g., Trix® yogurt, cookies, Pop-Tarts, chocolate, frozen treats)	Baseline	2.0 (1.7)	−0.4	3.5 (1.4)	−2.3	−1.9	[−4.0, 0.1]	−0.87	[−1.76, 0.03]
	Outcome	1.6 (1.4)		1.1 (1.5)
Sugar-sweetened beveragesa (e.g., soda, powered drink mixed, sport drinks, chocolate milk)	Baseline	1.5 (1.7)	−0.9	1.9 (2.1)	−1.9	−1.0	[−2.8, 0.8]	−0.48	[−1.35, 0.39]
	Outcome	0.6 (0.9)		0.0 (0.0)
Physical Activity Outcomes	Measurement Period	Low Implementation, n = 9		High Implementation, n = 11		Difference in Change Between High and Low Group	95% Confidence Interval	Effect Sizec	95% Confidence Interval
		M (SD)	Δ	M (SD)	Δ
Boys Accumulating 30 min/day of MVPAb	Base	28.3 (14.1)	−1.6	31.2 (11.4)	11.0	12.6	[1.1, 24.0]	0.97	[0.08, 1.87]
	Outcome	26.8 (13.9)		42.2 (13.5)
Girls Accumulating 30 min/day of MVPAb	Base	13.6 (8.3)	5.3	15.9 (8.9)	3.6	−1.7	[−11.8, 8.5]	−0.16	[0.69, −1.00]
	Outcome	18.9 (13.8)		19.5 (9.8)

NOTE: MVPA = moderate to vigorous physical activity.

^aNumber of days per week item served.

^bPercentage of children accumulating 30 minutes/day of MVPA.

^cHedge’s g, effect size adjusted for small sample sizes.