Table 1.
Demographics, Comorbidities, and Symptoms of COVID-19–Positive and COVID-19–Negative Patients
| Variable | All (N = 340) | Negative (n = 239) | Positive (n = 101) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 46.89 ± 15.34 | 46.30 ± 15.57 | 48.32 ± 14.74 | .28 |
| Race, n (%) | .21 | |||
| White | 163 (48) | 122 (51) | 41 (41) | |
| African American | 153 (45) | 101 (42) | 52 (51) | |
| Other | 24 (7) | 16 (7) | 8 (8) | |
| Male sex, n (%) | 96 (28) | 55 (23) | 41 (41) | <.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 29.87 ± 7.23 | 29.24 ± 7.41 | 31.28 ± 6.65 | .03 |
| Asthma, n (%) | 71 (21) | 56 (24) | 15 (15) | .06 |
| CAD, n (%) | 15 (4) | 10 (4) | 5 (5) | .78 |
| COPD, n (%) | 17 (5) | 15 (6) | 2 (2) | .09 |
| Cancer, n (%) | 14 (4) | 13 (6) | 1 (1) | .06 |
| DM, n (%) | 41 (12) | 27 (11) | 14 (14) | .54 |
| HLD, n (%) | 52 (20) | 33 (19) | 19 (24) | .36 |
| HTN, n (%) | 99 (30) | 67 (29) | 32 (32) | .59 |
| IBD, n (%) | 5 (2) | 3 (1) | 2 (2) | .63 |
| Immunosuppression, n (%) | 18 (5) | 15 (6) | 3 (3) | .21 |
| Liver disease, n (%) | 13 (4) | 12 (5) | 1 (1) | .08 |
| NSAID, n (%) | 90 (27) | 61 (26) | 29 (29) | .58 |
| OSA, n (%) | 23 (7) | 15 (6) | 8 (8) | .61 |
| Smoker, n (%) | .05 | |||
| No | 229 (72) | 158 (70) | 71 (75) | |
| Current | 34 (11) | 30 (13) | 4 (4) | |
| Former | 57 (18) | 37 (16) | 20 (21) | |
| Symptoms, n (%) | ||||
| Any gastrointestinal symptoms | 201 (59) | 126 (53) | 75 (74) | <.001 |
| Nausea | 92 (27) | 62 (26) | 30 (30) | .48 |
| Vomiting | 43 (13) | 29 (12) | 14 (14) | .66 |
| Diarrhea | 123 (36) | 72 (30) | 51 (50) | <.001 |
| Abdominal pain | 72 (21) | 46 (19) | 26 (26) | .18 |
| Loss of appetite | 117 (34) | 63 (26) | 54 (53) | <.001 |
| Hematochezia | 7 (2) | 6 (3) | 1 (1) | .37 |
| Loss of smell or taste | 101 (30) | 33 (14) | 68 (67) | <.001 |
| Loss of smell | 81 (24) | 21 (9) | 60 (59) | <.001 |
| Loss of taste | 86 (25) | 26 (11) | 60 (59) | <.001 |
| Any fever or respiratory symptoms | 304 (89) | 208 (87) | 96 (95) | .03 |
| Cough | 242 (71) | 167 (70) | 75 (74) | .42 |
| Fever | 170 (50) | 104 (44) | 66 (65) | <.001 |
| SOB | 167 (49) | 116 (49) | 51 (50) | .74 |
| Hospitalization, n (%) | 33 (10) | 18 (8) | 15 (15) | .03 |
| Median days of symptoms before getting tested (IQR) | 4 (5) | 4 (5) | 4 (4) | .55 |
| ICU-level care, n (%) | 8 (2) | 5 (2) | 3 (3) | .61 |
BMI, Body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; HLD, hyperlipidemia; HTN, hypertension; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; SD, standard deviation; SOB, shortness of breath.