Table 1.

Sample sizes (N), percentages (%), means, and standard deviations (SDs) for groups defined as affected (Aff) or unaffected (Unaff) in nonverbal IQ (NVIQ) by language (Lang) for each phenotype by age.

Outcome	Age	NVIQ	Lang	Group	n	%	NVIQ score		Lang score
							M	SD	M	SD
PPVT-III Vocabulary	4	Unaff	Unaff		871	72	106	11	101	11
			Aff	SLI	182	15	95	8	78	6
		Aff	Unaff		89	7	80	4	94	7
			Aff	NLI	64	5	78	4	75	8
	6	Unaff	Unaff		1,122	89	106	11	104	9
			Aff	SLI	78	6	98	9	78	6
		Aff	Unaff		41	3	80	5	97	7
			Aff	NLI	15	1	79	4	74	12
TOLD-P:3 Spoken Language	4	Unaff	Unaff		702	59	107	11	96	9
			Aff	SLI	338	28	98	10	79	4
		Aff	Unaff		50	4	80	4	90	5
			Aff	NLI	98	8	79	4	79	4
	6	Unaff	Unaff		891	71	108	10	99	10
			Aff	SLI	310	25	100	9	77	6
		Aff	Unaff		20	2	79	6	92	6
			Aff	NLI	36	3	80	4	71	8
TOLD-P:3 Semantics	4	Unaff	Unaff		733	62	106	11	96	9
			Aff	SLI	307	26	99	10	79	3
		Aff	Unaff		69	6	80	4	91	6
			Aff	NLI	80	7	79	4	78	4
	6	Unaff	Unaff		938	75	107	11	99	9
			Aff	SLI	263	21	101	9	76	6
		Aff	Unaff		27	2	79	5	93	7
			Aff	NLI	29	2	80	4	71	8
TOLD-P:3 Syntax	4	Unaff	Unaff		726	61	107	11	97	10
			Aff	SLI	314	26	98	9	78	4
		Aff	Unaff		61	5	80	4	91	5
			Aff	NLI	87	7	79	4	79	4
	6	Unaff	Unaff		914	73	107	11	99	10
			Aff	SLI	287	23	100	10	75	6
		Aff	Unaff		20	2	79	4	91	7
			Aff	NLI	36	3	80	5	72	8
GFTA-2 Speech	4	Unaff	Unaff		996	83	104	11	58	22
			Aff	SLI	48	4	101	12	8	4
		Aff	Unaff		139	12	80	4	55	22
			Aff	NLI	12	1	78	5	9	4
	6	Unaff	Unaff		1,100	88	106	11	45	18
			Aff	SLI	97	8	106	11	8	4
		Aff	Unaff		48	4	80	5	39	15
			Aff	NLI	7	1	79	3	9	5
MLU	4	Unaff	Unaff		816	70	105	11	104	14
			Aff	SLI	202	17	100	11	75	10
		Aff	Unaff		95	8	80	4	101	15
			Aff	NLI	54	5	79	4	72	10
	6	Unaff	Unaff		1,007	81	106	11	106	15
			Aff	SLI	187	15	104	10	77	7
		Aff	Unaff		41	3	80	4	106	16
			Aff	NLI	13	1	78	7	76	9
TEGI Composite	4	Unaff	Unaff		625	54	106	11	100	8
			Aff	SLI	393	34	101	10	65	15
		Aff	Unaff		70	6	80	4	98	8
			Aff	NLI	77	7	79	4	61	14
	6	Unaff	Unaff		912	73	107	11	103	9
			Aff	SLI	286	23	104	10	58	21
		Aff	Unaff		31	2	79	5	100	9
			Aff	NLI	25	2	80	4	56	24
TEGI Screener	4	Unaff	Unaff		685	58	106	11	101	7
			Aff	SLI	342	29	100	11	65	14
		Aff	Unaff		73	6	80	4	99	7
			Aff	NLI	76	6	79	4	61	14
	6	Unaff	Unaff		982	78	106	11	104	7
			Aff	SLI	217	17	103	11	60	22
		Aff	Unaff		39	3	80	5	103	8
			Aff	NLI	17	1	79	5	50	25

Note. PPVT-III = Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test–III; SLI = specific language impairment; NLI = nonspecific language impairment; TOLD-P:3 = Test of Language Development–Primary: Third Edition; GFTA-2 = Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation–Second Edition; MLU = mean length of utterance as calculated by SALT software; TEGI = Rice–Wexler Test of Early Grammatical Impairment.