Table 5.
Effect of diet complexity and threonine supplementation on relative mRNA gene expression (2−∆∆Ct) in jejunum1,2
| Complex | Simple | P-value3 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Item | STD Thr | SUP Thr | STD Thr | SUP Thr | SEM | Diet | Thr | Diet × Thr |
| IL-1β | 1.33 | 1.06 | 1.00 | 2.14 | 0.435 | 0.401 | 0.326 | 0.120 |
| IL-4 | 1.22 | 0.84 | 1.00 | 0.59 | 0.394 | 0.530 | 0.297 | 0.959 |
| IL-6 | 0.46 | 0.44 | 1.00 | 0.40 | 0.182 | 0.143 | 0.069 | 0.097 |
| IL-8 | 0.47 | 0.86 | 1.00 | 0.76 | 0.299 | 0.450 | 0.796 | 0.278 |
| IL-10 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 1.00 | 0.96 | 0.252 | 0.170 | 0.930 | 0.943 |
| TNF-α | 0.62 | 0.43 | 1.00 | 1.15 | 0.306 | 0.060 | 0.943 | 0.546 |
| CLDN1 | 0.61 | 0.55 | 1.00 | 0.90 | 0.222 | 0.076 | 0.709 | 0.924 |
| OCLN | 0.70 | 1.10 | 1.00 | 1.11 | 0.133 | 0.211 | 0.042 | 0.233 |
| ZO-1 | 0.79 | 0.81 | 1.00 | 0.95 | 0.094 | 0.070 | 0.867 | 0.706 |
| MUC2 | 0.94 | 0.95 | 1.00 | 0.77 | 0.169 | 0.692 | 0.489 | 0.450 |
1STD Thr, the standard NRC (2012) level of SID Thr (0.79%); SUP Thr, 15% over the SID Thr requirement. Data represented as least square means of 7 to 9 pigs.
2The relative data were expressed as a ratio of the target gene to the Simple (STD Thr) gene, using the formula 2−∆∆Ct (Livak and Schmittgen, 2001), where ∆∆Ct = (Cttarget - CtGAPDH)treatment – (Cttarget − CtGAPDH)Simple (STD Thr).
3Diet, main effect of diet complexity; Thr, main effect of the levels of dietary Thr supplementation; Diet × Thr, interactive effect of diet complexity and Thr supplementation.