Table 1.
Characteristics of matched sample of children with asthmaa
| Total (n=92) | Usual Care (n=46) | SDM Toolkit (n=46) | Standardized differenceb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y (mean, SD) | 9.1 (4.2) | 9.2 (3.7) | 9.1 (4.8) | 0.03 |
| Patient sex, n(%) | 0.00 | |||
| Male | 52 (56.5) | 26 (56.5) | 26 (56.5) | |
| Female | 40 (43.5) | 20 (43.5) | 20 (43.5) | |
| Race/Ethnicity, n(%) | 0.11 | |||
| Caucasian | 5 (5.4) | 4 (8.7) | 1 (2.2) | |
| African American | 60 (65.2) | 32 (69.6) | 28 (60.9) | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 24 (26.1) | 9 (19.6) | 15 (32.6) | |
| Other | 3 (3.3) | 1 (2.2) | 2 (4.4) | |
| Insurance, n(%) | 0.08 | |||
| Medicaid/Otherc | 85 (92.4) | 42 (91.3) | 43 (93.5) | |
| Private | 7 (7.6) | 4 (8.7) | 3 (6.5) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index, mean (SD) | 0.8 (0.4) | 0.7 (0.5) | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.64 |
| Asthma exacerbations in 12 months prior intervention, mean (SD) | 0.8 (1.2) | 0.7 (1.0) | 0.9 (1.3) | 0.17 |
| Baseline quality of life score from the MPAQLQ (range 1–7), mean (SD) | 4.9 (1.2) | 4.8 (1.3) | 5.0 (1.0) | 0.13 |
| Activities score | 4.9 (1.4) | 4.8 (1.6) | 5.0 (1.3) | 0.17 |
| Emotions score | 5.3 (1.3) | 5.4 (1.3) | 5.3 (1.3) | 0.08 |
| Symptoms score | 4.7 (1.4) | 4.6 (1.5) | 4.8 (1.3) | 0.16 |
| Baseline # of asthma control problems from the PATAQ (range 0–7), n(%) | 0.18 | |||
| 0 | 14 (15.2) | 9 (19.6) | 5 (10.9) | |
| 1 | 11 (12.0) | 3 (6.5) | 8 (17.4) | |
| 2 | 10 (10.9) | 6 (13.0) | 4 (8.7) | |
| 3 | 21 (22.8) | 7 (15.2) | 14 (30.4) | |
| 4 | 21 (22.8) | 13 (28.3) | 8 (17.4) | |
| 5 or more | 15 (16.3) | 8 (17.4) | 7 (15.2) |
a
Usual care and SDM toolkit participants were matched on baseline quality of life score, baseline asthma control, age, gender, insurance status, race/ethnicity, and the Charlson comorbidity index.
b
Standardized difference is difference in means or proportions divided by standard error; imbalance is defined by values greater than 0.20 (i.e. small effect size based on Cohen’s d).
c
Other includes other public insurance and uninsured
SDM, shared decision making; SD, standard deviation, MPAQLQ, Mini Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire (scores range from 1 to 7 with higher scores indicating better quality of life); PATAQ, Pediatric Asthma Therapy Assessment Questionnaire