Table 1.
A summary of volatile organic compounds produced by foodborne pathogens
| Foodborne pathogen | VOCs | References |
|---|---|---|
| Escherichia coli | Indole, 1-decene (E. coli O157:H7 in TSYA), Dimethyl disulfide, ethanol, 2-nonanone, 2-heptanone, indole, pentyl cyclopropane (E. coli in tryptone-yeast NaCl super-broth), 2,5-dimethyl tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl disulfide, 2-heptanone, 2 undecanone, indole, unknown, 2-tridecane, 2,5 dimethyl pyrazine, benzaldehyde, dimethyl trisulfide, 2-nonanone, nonanal, decanal (Escherichia coli O157:H7 and a nonpathogenic strain of E. coli) | Siripatrawan (2008a) and Senecal et al. (2002) |
| Listeria monocytogenes |
Acetaldehyde, Ethanol, Acetone, 2-Methyl-propanal, 2,3-Butanedione, 2-Butanone Acetic acid, 1-Butanol,3-Methyl-butanal,2-Methyl-butanal,3-Methyl-3-buten-1-ol 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone, Dimethyl disulfide, Pyrazine, Pyrrole, Hexanal, Butyl ester acetic acid,3-Methyl-2-butenal, Methyl-pyrazine, Methoxy-phenyl-oxime 2,5-Dimethyl-pyrazine,4,6-Dimethyl-pyrimidine, D-Limonene, 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one, Octanal 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, Benzaldehyde, 2-Ethyl-6-methyl-pyrazine,2-Ethyl-5-methyl-pyrazine Pentyl-cyclopropane, Nonanal, Benzeneacetaldehyde, Acetophenone,1-Nonanol Phenylethyl alcohol, Decanal, Tetradecane,1-Ethylidene-1H-Indene,1,5-Dimethyl-naphthalene, Butylated Hydroxytoluene (Tryptone soy broth) |
Yu et al. (2014) |
| Salmonella |
Primary alcohols (1-octanol, 1-decanol), secondary alcohols (2-undecanol, 2-tridecanol), methyl ketones (2-nonanone,2-undecanone), 3-methyl-1-butanol (S. typhimurium in tryptic soy yeast agar), Hydrogen sulfide, ethanol, carbon disulfide, dimethyl cyclopropane, 1-propanol (S. typhimuriumin tryptone-yeast NaCl super-broth), Dimethyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, heptane, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, methyl alcohol, ethyl benzene, 1-pentanol, 3-octanone, 3-octanol, 1-hepten-3-ol (S. typhimuriumin alfalfa sprouts—glass vial) |
Senecal et al. (2002), Siripatrawan and Harte (2007) and Siripatrawan (2008a) |
| Staphylococcus aureus | Isovaleric acid, 2-methyl butyric acid, isobutyric acid, 1-hydroxy 2-propanone, 1-hydroxy 2-butanone, butyric acid, 4-methylhexanoic acid (S. aureus in blood agar) | Preti et al. (2009) |
| E. coli, S. sonnei, S. typhimurium, Bacillus cereus, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus |
1 Octanol, 1-decanol, dodecanol, 2 undecanone, 2-tridecenone, indole (E. coli), 1 octanol, 1-decanol, dodecanol, 2-nonanone,1-undecene, 2-undecanone, 2-tridecanone (S. sonnei), 1 octanol,1-decanol, dodecanol (S. typhimurium), 2-undecanone, dimethyl disulfide (B. cereus), 2-undecanone, 2-tridecenone, vdimethyl trisulfide (L. monocytogenes), 2-tridecenone, dimethyl disulfide (S. aureus |
Elgaali et al. (2002) |
| Shigella sonnei | Methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide (TSA) | Warren et al. (2007) |