Table 1.
Demographic and baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes.
| Heparin N = 7 |
Placebo N = 6 |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 67 (59–81) | 51 (40–61) | 0.08 |
| Gender, male | 4 | 4 | 0.73 |
| TBSA % | 12 (1–23) | 3 (1–44) | 0.88 |
| ABSI | 7 (6–9) | 6 (5–10) | 1.0 |
| Inhalation injury score | 0.62 | ||
| Clinical a | 4 (2–4) | 3 (3–5) | |
| Bronchoscopic b | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–3) | 0.83 |
| SAPS II | 51 (37–65) | 56 (42–72) | 0.83 |
| LIS c on ICU admission day | 1.5 (1–2.3) | 1.5 (1–1.8) | 0.84 |
| APTT on ICU admission day | 34 (27–43) | 31 (27–38) | 0.51 |
| Ventilator-free days and alive at day 28 | 16 (4–24) | 20 (7–24) | 0.62 |
| ICU-free days and alive at day 90 | 71 (0–75) | 49 (3–82) | 0.73 |
| ARDS, N | - | 1 | - |
| Pneumonia, N | 2 | 1 | - |
| Burn wound infection, N | - | 1 | - |
Data as median (95% interquartile range): There were no statistically significant differences between groups. Abbreviations. ABSI: abbreviated burn severity index. APTT: activated partial thromboplastin time. ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome. LIS: lung injury score. N: number. SAPS II: Simplified Acute Physiology Score. TBSA: total body surface area. ICU: Intensive Care Unit. a Clinical scoring of inhalation injury: A score consisting of 7 clinical factors was considered to be suggestive for inhalation injury. One-point-each diagnosis of smoke inhalation is fulfilled with a score > 2. In brief, 1. trapped during a fire in an enclosed space, 2. carbonaceous sputum, 3. altered level of consciousness, 3. mild respiratory distress, 4. serious respiratory distress, and 7. hoarseness or loss of voice. b Grading of inhalation injury by bronchoscopic criteria (0 = no injury; 1 = mild injury; 2 = moderate injury; 3 = severe injury; and 4 = massive injury). c Scoring based on chest X-ray findings, PaO2/FiO2, Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) level, and respiratory compliance. A score < 2.5 indicates mild-to-moderate lung injury, and ≥ 2.5 indicates severe lung injury.