Table 4.
Associations between dietary variables and adiposity or BMI-SDS.
| Dietary Variables | BMI-SDS | Body Fat Mass (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B (CI 95%) | p-Value | B (CI 95%) | p-Value | |
| Caloric intake (kcal/day) a | 0.00 (0.00 to 0.00) | 0.293 | −0.01 (−0.02 to 0.00) | 0.133 |
| Protein (% kcal) | 0.11 (−0.11 to 0.33) | 0.302 | 0.11 (−1.18 to 1.41) | 0.856 |
| Fat (% kcal) | 0.08 (0.00 to 0.17) | 0.061 | 0.44 (−0.06 to 0.94) | 0.084 |
| SFA (% kcal) | 0.26 (0.06 to 0.47) | 0.014 | 1.49 (0.31 to 2.67) | 0.016 |
| MUFA (% kcal) | 0.16 (−0.02 to 0.35) | 0.081 | 0.88 (−0.20 to 1.96) | 0.105 |
| PUFA (% kcal) | −0.12 (−0.56 to 0.32) | 0.571 | −1.09 (−3.61 to 1.43) | 0.379 |
| Carbohydrates (% kcal) | −0.09 (−0.18 to −0.01) | 0. 038 | −0.39 (−0.92 to 0.14) | 0.145 |
| Fiber (g/day) | −0.03 (−0.08 to 0.02) | 0.168 | −0.21 (−0.50 to 0.08) | 0.144 |
Linear regression models were adjusted by sex, age, physical activity level, genotype, metformin use, and caloric intake. a, model not adjusted by caloric intake. B, effect size from the multivariate regression model; CI, confidence interval; SFA, saturated fatty acids; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids. Bold font indicates p < 0.05.