| ANCOVA | analysis of covariance |
| ANOVA | analysis of variance; |
| BMI | body mass index |
| BP | blood pressure; |
| CHD | coronary heart disease |
| CVD | cardiovascular disease |
| DBP | diastolic blood pressure |
| DII | dietary inflammatory index |
| FA | fatty acid |
| FFQ | food frequency questionnaire |
| HDL-c | high-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
| HR | heart rate |
| IQR | interquartile range |
| LDL-c | low-density lipoprotein cholesterol |
| MD | Mediterranean diet |
| MetS | Metabolic Syndrome |
| MetSSS | metabolic syndrome severity score |
| MUFA | monounsaturated fatty acids |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| PREDIMED | PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea |
| PA | physical activity |
| PUFA | polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| RAPA | Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity Questionnaires |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SBP | systolic blood pressure |
| SD | standard deviations |
| SFA | saturated fatty acids |
| TAG | triglycerides |
| TFA | trans fatty acid |
| T2DM | type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| VAI | visceral adiposity index |
| WC | waist circumference |
| ω-3 FA | omega-3 fatty acids |