Table 3.
Thrombogenetic factors expressed in injured vascular endothelium and its functional mechanisms.
| Substance | Function | Thrombus Formation Mechanism |
|---|---|---|
| TF | Activator of blood coagulation | Activation of blood coagulation via FVIIa-mediated activation of FX and FIX |
| Factor V | Cofactor of blood coagulation | Enhancement of FXa-mediated activation of prothrombin |
| Factor VIII | Cofactor of blood coagulation | Enhancement of FIXa-mediated activation of FX |
| VWF | Activator of platelet aggregation | Stimulation of platelet aggregation under shear stress |
| TXA2 | Activator of platelet and vasoconstrictor | Activation of platelets and vasoconstriction |
| PAF | Activator of platelet | Activation of platelets |
| PAI-1 | Plasminogen activator inhibitor | Inhibition of t-PA-mediated plasminogen activation |
| TNF-α | Inflammatory cytokine | Induction of inflammation, cell adhesion molecules, and apoptosis |
| ET-1 | Vasoconstrictor | Induction of vasoconstriction |
| Mac-1 | Receptor on leukocytes | Binding to intercellular adhesion molecule-1, etc. |
| E-selectin | Cell adhesion molecule | Binding to leukocytes (neutrophils, monocytes, etc.) |
TF, tissue factor; FVII, Factor VII; FIX. Factor IX; FX, Factor X; VWF, von Willebrand factor; TXA2, thromboxane A2; PAF, platelet activating factor; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; ET-1, endothelin-1; Mac-1, macrophage-1 antigen (integrin αMβ2); E-selectin, endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1.