Table 1.
Study and patient characteristics.
| Reference/Country | Study Design/CVD Dx | OSA Dx Method/ Threshold |
Timing of OSA Testing | Subgroup, n (%) | AHI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gessner 2017 [18] | Retrospective Cohort | Type 2 | ≤3 d post admission | OSA, 91 (41) | 23 |
| Germany | ACS | AHI ≥ 5 | non-OSA, 132 (59) | NR | |
| Leao 2016 [19] | Prospective Cohort | Type 1 | 55 (31–77) d post admission | OSA, 46 (63) | 30.6 ± 23.0 |
| Portugal | ACS | AHI ≥ 5 | non-OSA, 27 (37) | 2.3 ± 3.2 | |
| Barbé 2015 [20] | RCT (ancillary) | Type 3 | ≤48 h post admission | OSA, 213 (49) | 30.6 ± 14.4 |
| Spain | ACS | AHI > 15 | non-OSA, 218 (51) | 6.4 ± 4.2 | |
| Nakashima 2015 [21] | Prospective cohort | Type 1 | prior to discharge | OSA, 124 (46) | NR |
| Japan | ACS | AHI ≥ 15 | non-OSA, 148 (54) | NR | |
| Nakashima 2006 | Prospective cohort | Type 1 | 14–21 d post admission | OSA, 37 (43) | 31.7 ± 13.6 |
| Japan [22] | ACS | AHI ≥ 15 | non-OSA, 49 (57) | 5.8 ± 4.2 | |
| Van den Broecke 2014 [23] | Prospective cohort | Type 2 | ≤48 h post admission | OSA, 4 (15) | 24.7 ± 19.5 |
| France | ACS | AHI ≥ 15 | non-OSA, 23 (85) | 2.5 ± 1.9 | |
| Loo 2014 [24] | Prospective cohort | Type 3 | 30 d post discharge | OSA, 24 (35) | 24.0 (16.9–52.0) |
| France | ACS | AHI ≥ 15 | non-OSA, 44 (65) | 4.9 (0.3–14.9) | |
| Szymanski 2013 [25] | Prospective cohort | Type 3 | during hospitalization | OSA, 48 (30) | NR |
| Poland | ACS | AHI ≥ 5 | non-OSA, 109 (70) | NR | |
| Lee 2009 [3] | Prospective cohort | Type 2 | between day 2–5 post PCI | OSA, 69 (66) | 38.1 |
| Singapore | ACS | AHI ≥ 15 | non-OSA, 36 (34) | 8.5 | |
| Jia 2018 [26] | Prospective Cohort | Type 2 | 48–72 h post admission | OSA, 373 (70) | 37.2 ± 16.9 |
| China | ACS | AHI > 15 | non-OSA, 159 (30) | 9.4 ± 3.4 | |
| Flores 2018 [27] | RCT (ancillary) | Type 3 | 24–72 h post admission | OSA, 731 (43) | 34 (4.4–51.3) |
| Spain | ACS | AHI ≥ 5 | non-OSA, 983 (57) | NR | |
| Sanchez-de-la-Torre 2018 [28] | Prospective cohort (ancillary) | Type 3 | 24–72 h post admission | OSA, 89 (43) | 32.0 (20.8–46.6) |
| Spain | ACS | AHI ≥ 15 | non-OSA, 119 (57) | 4.8 (1.6–9.6) | |
| Morra 2017 [29] | Prospective cohort study | Type 3 | 24–72 h post admission | OSA, 62 (61) | NR |
| France | ACS | AHI ≥ 5 | non-OSA, 39 (39) | NR | |
| Xie 2016 [30] | Prospective cohort | Type 2 | median 7 day post MI | OSA, 40 (41) | 42.5 (33.1–52.6) |
| USA | ACS | AHI ≥ 15 | non-OSA, 58 (59) | 30.0 (20.5–41.6) | |
| Yumino 2007 [31] | Prospective cohort | Type 3 | 7–14 d post PCI | OSA, 51 (57) | 20.2 ± 10.9 |
| Japan | ACS | AHI ≥ 10 | non-OSA, 38 (43) | 5.0 ± 3.2 | |
| Ludka 2014 [32] | Prospective cohort | Type 3 | ≥48 h post admission | OSA, 399 (66) | NR |
| Czech Republic | ACS | AHI≥5 | non-OSA, 208 (34) | NR | |
| Kauta 2014 [33] | Prospective cohort | Type 3 | during hospitalization | OSA, 65 (63) | 24.7 ± 19.5 |
| USA | CVD | AHI ≥ 5 | non-OSA, 39 (37) | 2.5 ± 1.9 | |
| Khayat 2015 [34] | Prospective cohort | Type 2 | during hospitalization | OSA, 525 (47) | 36 ± 16 |
| USA | HF | AHI ≥ 15 | non-OSA, 592 (53) | 9.5 ± 4.3 | |
| Omran 2018 [35] | Retrospective cohort | Type 3 | during hospitalization | OSA, 62 (37) | 31.6 ± 15.9 |
| Germany | HF | AHI ≥ 15 | non-OSA, 105 (63) | 8.8 ± 3.4 | |
| Suda 2018 [36] | Prospective cohort | Type 3 | 3 d (median) after initial clinical improvement | OSA, 28 (27) | NR |
| Japan | HF | AHI ≥ 5 | non-OSA, 77 (73) | NR | |
| Arikawa 2009 [37] | Prospective cohort | Type 4 | during hospitalization | OSA, 21 (43) | NA |
| Japan | HF | ODI ≥ 5 | non-OSA, 28 (57) | NA | |
| Ohmura 2014 [38] | Prospective cohort | Type 4 | after clinical improvement | OSA, 41 (41) | NA |
| Japan | HF | ODI ≥ 5 | non-OSA, 59 (59) | NA | |
| Mohananey 2017 [39] | Retrospective cohort | Chart review | NA | OSA, 24623 (1.3) | NA |
| United States | ACS | ICD-9CM 327.23 | non-OSA, 1826002 (98.7) | NA | |
| Andrechuk 2016 [40] | Prospective cohort | BQ | ≤72 h post admission | OSA, 68 (60) | NA |
| Brazil | ACS | BQ+ ≥ 2 categories | non-OSA, 45 (40) | NA | |
| Marin 1998 [41] | Prospective cohort | Clinical+oximetry | within 24 h post admission | OSA, 55 (22) | NA |
| Spain | ACS | heavy snorers, reported EDS, ODI > 10 | non-OSA, 196 (78) | NA | |
| Sommerfeld 2017 [42] | Prospective cohort | Chart review | NA | OSA, 99 (29) | NA |
| USA | HF | non-OSA, 245 (61) | NA |
Abbreviations: AHI = apnea hypopnea index, ACS = acute coronary syndromes, BQ = Berlin Questionnaire, CVD = cardiovascular disease, HF = heart failure, Dx = diagnosis, ESS = Epworth Sleepiness Scale, EDS = excessive daytime sleepiness, ICD-9CM = International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision, Clinical Modification, NA = not applicable NR = not reported, ODI = oxygen desaturation index, RCT = randomized controlled trial. Data expressed as mean ± SD unless otherwise stated or median (interquartile range) unless otherwise stated.