Table 3.

Proportion of patients receiving positive airway pressure therapy for OSA.

Reference	% CPAP Use	Compliance (%) *	Findings
Leao 2016 [19]	100 (study design)	41	PSG and CPAP prescribed after clinical stabilization. CPAP compliant group associated with fewer CV events and less severe ones at 75 months follow-up (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.31 to 2.46, p = 0.798).
Nakashima 2015 [21]	59	NR	After admission – PSG and CPAP prescribed. Mean follow-up duration 4.4 yrs. Although CPAP treatment decreased the incidence of ACS recurrence and MACEs, these differences were not significant (9% vs. 23%, p = 0.056; 14% vs. 31%, p = 0.053, respectively). Similarly, ACS- and MACE-free survival estimates were not different between patients with and without CPAP treatment (log rank p = 0.129; p = 0.129, respectively).
Nishihata 2015 [48]	49	NR	Retrospective study of patients with PSG after hospitalization for CVD. CPAP vs. no-CPAP compared. Nightly CPAP use 5.0 ± 1.7 h
Kauta 2014 [33]	62	45	In-hospital PSG, followed by 50 patients prescribed CPAP after admission. Decreased proportion of 30-day hospital readmission for HF in compliant CPAP users vs. non-compliant.
Xie 2016 [30]	8.2	NR	CPAP users excluded from analysis

* Compliance defined as >4 h of nightly use, >70% of nights.