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. 2020 Mar 30;12(4):950. doi: 10.3390/nu12040950

Table 3.

Baseline serum homocysteine as a predictor of selected biochemical and hematological parameters at baseline and their change over time: mixed-effects linear regression models; HANDLS 2004–2018 1.

Outcome Intercept Time Hcy Hcy × Time (n) k
γ00 ± SE p γ10 ± SE p γ0a ± SE p γ1a ± SE p
Serum folate, nmol/L
Model 1: Age-adjusted +33.6 ± 1.2 <0.001 +0.11 ± 0.16 0.47 −0.21 ± 0.32 0.51 −0.05 ± 0.05 0.36 (243) k = 2.4
Model 2: Socio-demographic adjusted +29.8 ± 6.0 <0.001 +2.07 ± 0.83 0.012 −0.25 ± 0.34 0.45 −0.05 ± 0.05 0.37 (243) k = 2.4
Model 3: Multivariable-adjusted +35.1 ± 6.2 <0.001 +1.39 ± 0.87 0.11 −1.41 ± 0.43 0.001 +0.03 ± 0.07 0.69 (227) k = 2.4
Serum creatinine, µmol/L
Model 1: Age-adjusted +107.9 ± 7.1 <0.001 −1.18 ± 0.30 <0.001 +18.3 ± 1.89 <0.001 +0.11 ± 0.10 0.24 (243) k = 2.4
Model 2: Socio-demographic adjusted +100.1 ± 37.1 0.007 −3.40 ± 1.50 0.024 +18.3 ± 2.00 <0.001 +0.14 ± 0.10 0.16 (243) k = 2.4
Model 3: Multivariable-adjusted +117.7 ± 35.1 0.001 −3.93 ± 1.60 0.014 +19.8 ± 2.01 <0.001 +0.24 ± 0.12 0.045 (227) k = 2.4
Serum vitamin B-12, µmol/L
Model 1: Age-adjusted +472 ± 13 <0.001 −11.2 ± 1.6 <0.001 −4.64 ± 3.69 0.20 +0.85 ± 0.53 0.11 (243) k = 2.4
Model 2: Socio-demographic adjusted +334 ± 68 <0.001 +6.1 ± 8.6 0.48 −5.19 ± 3.80 0.17 +0.87 ± 0.55 0.11 (243) k = 2.4
Model 3: Multivariable-adjusted +307 ± 69 <0.001 −8.0 ± 8.9 0.37 −11.0 ± 4.9 0.023 +1.66 ± 0.69 0.015 (227) k = 2.4
Mean cell hemoglobin, pg
Model 1: Age-adjusted +29.6 ± 0.2 <0.001 −0.003 ± 0.002 0.56 +0.03 ± 0.05 0.53 −0.003 ± 0.005 0.56 (244) k = 2.4
Model 2: Socio-demographic adjusted +30.9 ± 0.9 <0.001 −0.04 ± 0.10 0.67 +0.02 ± 0.05 0.72 −0.004 ± 0.005 0.49 (244) k = 2.4
Model 3: Multivariable-adjusted +29.2 ± 0.97 <0.001 +0.03 ± 0.10 0.78 +0.04 ± 0.06 0.50 +0.01 ± 0.01 0.42 (227) k = 2.4
Red cell distribution width, %
Model 1: Age-adjusted +13.8 ± 0.11 <0.001 +0.12 ± 0.01 <0.001 +0.05 ± 0.03 0.079 +0.007 ± 0.003 0.035 (244) k = 2.4
Model 2: Socio-demographic adjusted +12.7 ± 0.57 <0.001 +0.18 ± 0.06 0.002 +0.04 ± 0.03 0.16 +0.008 ± 0.004 0.021 (244) k = 2.4
Model 3: Multivariable-adjusted +12.7 ± 0.5 <0.001 +0.19 ± 0.06 0.002 −0.04 ± 0.04 0.20 +0.009 ± 0.005 0.056 (227) k = 2.4
Serum uric acid, µmol/L
Model 1: Age-adjusted +314.8 ± 5.3 <0.001 +3.79 ± 0.7 <0.001 +7.48 ± 1.45 <0.001 −0.20 ± 0.22 0.36 (243) k = 2.4
Model 2: Socio-demographic adjusted +226.8 ± 26.7 <0.001 +2.80 ± 3.51 0.42 +5.30 ± 1.48 <0.001 −0.12 ± 0.23 0.62 (243) k = 2.4
Model 3: Multivariable-adjusted +228.6 ± 27.0 <0.001 +2.01 ± 3.61 0.58 +8.11 ± 1.88 <0.001 −0.01 ± 0.29 0.97 (227) k = 2.4
Serum alkaline phosphatase, U/L
Model 1: Age-adjusted +90.8 ± 2.1 <0.001 −0.88 ± 0.22 <0.001 +2.66 ± 0.56 <0.001 −0.03 ± 0.07 0.70 (243) k = 2.4
Model 2: Socio-demographic adjusted +70.7 ± 10.5 <0.001 −0.39 ± 1.19 0.74 +2.54 ± 0.58 <0.001 −0.002 ± 0.08 0.98 (243) k = 2.4
Model 3: Multivariable-adjusted +75.2 ± 10.7 <0.001 −0.27 ± 1.23 0.83 +2.72 ± 0.74 <0.001 +0.16 ± 0.10 0.095 (227) k = 2.4

Abbreviations: HANDLS = Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Life Span; Hcy = Homocysteine; k = mean number of observations/participant; n = Number of participants. 1 All selected biochemical and hematological markers were measured in SI units. Measures were not Loge transformed. Model 1 was adjusted for age, centered at 48.8 years. Model 2 was additionally adjusted for sex, race (African Americans vs. Whites), and poverty status (above vs. below poverty). Model 3 was additionally adjusted for all remaining biochemical and hematological measures that were selected. In Model 3, Folate was centered at 32.4, creatinine at 105.8, vitamin B-12 at 494.76, Mean cell hemoglobin at 29.46, red cell distribution width at 13.64, serum uric acid at 306.2, and alkaline phosphatase at 82.