Table 1.
Amino acid composition (g/100 g dry matter basis) of different developmental stages of Italian honey bee drones from Korea (K-) and Buckfast honey bee drones from Denmark (D-).
| Amino Acid | D-Larvae | D-Late Pupae | D-Adult | K-Early Pupae | K-Late Pupae | K-Early Adult | K-Adult |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Valine * | 2.87 ± 0.099 | 2.97 ± 0.198 | 3.79 ± 0.480 | 2.56 ± 0.016 | 2.97 ± 0.030 | 4.07 ± 0.043 | 4.22 ± 0.022 |
| Isoleucine * | 2.43 ± 0.021 | 2.56 ± 0.014 | 3.28 ± 0.340 | 2.13 ± 0.004 | 2.44 ± 0.014 | 3.16 ± 0.025 | 3.27 ± 0.007 |
| Leucine * | 3.96 ± 0.014 | 4.26 ± 0.092 | 5.51 ± 0.062 | 3.54 ± 0.004 | 4.14 ± 0.036 | 5.53 ± 0.043 | 5.65 ± 0.010 |
| Lysine * | 3.52 ± 0.035 | 3.68 ± 0.021 | 4.35 ± 0.521 | 3.00 ± 0.007 | 3.51 ± 0.023 | 4.43 ± 0.004 | 4.56 ± 0.009 |
| Tyrosine ** | 2.55 ± 0.042 | 2.76 ± 0.007 | 2.77 ± 0.219 | 2.20 ± 0.003 | 2.77 ± 0.038 | 3.04 ± 0.019 | 2.87 ± 0.053 |
| Threonine * | 1.86 ± 0.035 | 1.57 ± 0.134 | 1.95 ± 0.084 | 1.89 ± 0.303 | 1.93 ± 0.005 | 3.23 ± 0.006 | 2.66 ± 0.001 |
| Phenylalanine * | 2.08 ± 0.028 | 2.15 ± 0.049 | 2.35 ± 0.189 | 1.83 ± 0.009 | 2.00 ± 0.003 | 2.29 ± 0.009 | 2.38 ± 0.006 |
| Histidine * | 1.21 ± 0.042 | 1.27 ± 0.000 | 1.55 ± 0.439 | 0.94 ± 0.001 | 1.12 ± 0.016 | 1.42 ± 0.000 | 1.41 ± 0.000 |
| Methionine * | 1.15 ± 0.007 | 1.16 ± 0.000 | 1.44 ± 0.004 | 0.17 ± 0.031 | 0.44 ± 0.047 | 1.91 ± 0.581 | 2.28 ± 0.076 |
| Arginine *** | 2.18 ± 0.099 | 2.45 ± 0.042 | 3.67 ± 0.063 | 2.20 ± 0.018 | 2.55 ± 0.016 | 3.35 ± 0.001 | 3.55 ± 0.000 |
| Aspartic acid | 3.23 ± 0.028 | 3.22 ± 0.028 | 3.68 ± 0.180 | 2.50 ± 0.012 | 2.72 ± 0.020 | 3.16 ± 0.007 | 3.40 ± 0.005 |
| Glutamic acid | 7.94 ± 0.262 | 8.78 ± 0.014 | 8.74 ± 0.863 | 10.01 ± 0.044 | 10.55 ± 0.036 | 12.16 ± 0.065 | 12.39 ± 0.050 |
| Serine | 2.03 ± 0.092 | 2.40 ± 0.141 | 2.91 ± 0.112 | 1.75 ± 0.111 | 2.09 ± 0.006 | 3.19 ± 0.021 | 2.93 ± 0.023 |
| Glycine | 2.29 ± 0.014 | 2.65 ± 0.007 | 4.19 ± 0.832 | 2.10 ± 0.004 | 2.84 ± 0.039 | 4.58 ± 0.042 | 4.40 ± 0.003 |
| Alanine | 2.36 ± 0.014 | 2.87 ± 0.000 | 5.28 ± 0.055 | 2.56 ± 0.009 | 3.44 ± 0.027 | 5.82 ± 0.069 | 5.97 ± 0.001 |
| Cysteine | 0.25 ± 0.014 | 0.35 ± 0.014 | 1.93 ± 0.957 | 0.19 ± 0.001 | 0.28 ± 0.032 | 0.39 ± 0.077 | 0.38 ± 0.003 |
| Proline | 1.58 ± 0.000 | 1.52 ± 0.028 | 2.33 ± 0.124 | 2.99 ± 0.026 | 3.60 ± 0.035 | 4.61 ± 0.044 | 4.70 ± 0.010 |
| Total | 43.49 | 46.62 | 59.72 | 42.56 | 49.39 | 66.34 | 67.02 |
* Essential amino acid; ** Conditional essential amino acid; *** Essential amino acid for children.