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Epigenetic mechanisms of flavonoid action. Flavonoids (apigenin, silibinin, catechins) can act as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors by promoting the transcriptional expression of genes involved in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. Flavonoids (genistein, catechins) promote the downregulation of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)1 that leads to the demethylation, and consequent reactivation, of methylation-silenced genes.
