AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
ARE	Antioxidant response elements
CBP	CREB-binding protein
CM	Chylomicron
CMD	Cardiometabolic disorders
COX-2	Cyclooxygenase-2
EMEM	Eagle’s minimal essential medium
FBS	fetal bovine serum
Fe/Asc	Iron-ascorbate
GI	Gastrointestinal
GMP	Glycomacropeptide
GPx	Glutathione peroxidase 1
IκB	Inhibitor of kappa B
IS	Insulin sensitivity
IR	insulin resistance
Keap1	Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
LDL	Low-density lipoprotein
MDA	Malondialdehyde
MEM	minimal essential medium
MetS	Metabolic syndrome
MAPK	Mitogen activated protein kinase
NEAA	non-essential amino acid
NF-κB	Nuclear transcription factor-kappa B
NRF2	Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2
OxS	Oxidative stress
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
p-Akt	Phospho-protein kinase B
p38-MAPK	p38 mitogen activated protein kinase
SOD2	Superoxide dismutase 2
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
VLDL	Very-low-density lipoprotein