Table 1.

Physical characteristics of the subjects.

Variables (Unit)	Groups		Mann–Whitney U Test
	CON (n = 12)	EMSG (n = 13)	Z	p
Age (y)	71.75 ± 2.73	70.38 ± 2.93	−0.908	0.376
Height (cm)	151.49 ± 2.50	151.51 ± 4.02	−0.328	0.769
Weight (kg)	63.75 ± 3.82	63.05 ± 8.78	−0.272	0.810
Percent fat (%)	38.33 ± 4.31	39.21 ± 1.76	−0.082	0.936
VO2max (mL/kg/min)	23.13 ± 4.25	25.34 ± 6.51	−0.412	0.675

All data represents the mean ± standard deviation. VO₂max: maximum oxygen capacity.