Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population after propensity score matching
| Variable | Patients, No (%) | p-value | The standardized difference statisticsa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Statin group (N = 5273) | Non-statin Group (N = 5273) | |||
| Sex | < 0.0001 | |||
| Male | 2288 (43.39) | 2534 (48.06) | − 9.4 | |
| Female | 2985 (56.61) | 2739 (51.94) | 9.4 | |
| Age at entry | 0.2309 | |||
| 40–44 | 544 (10.32) | 551 (10.45) | − 0.4 | |
| 45–49 | 905 (17.16) | 920 (17.45) | − 0.8 | |
| 50–54 | 1027 (19.48) | 1006 (19.08) | 1.0 | |
| 55–59 | 1003 (19.02) | 971 (18.41) | 1.6 | |
| 60–64 | 861 (16.33) | 749 (14.20) | 5.9 | |
| 65–69 | 570 (10.81) | 642 (12.18) | − 4.3 | |
| 70–74 | 363 (6.88) | 434 (8.23) | − 5.1 | |
| Insurance premium level | 0.3051 | |||
| 1 | 669 (12.69) | 695 (13.18) | − 1.5 | |
| 2 | 743 (14.09) | 724 (13.73) | 1.0 | |
| 3 | 808 (15.32) | 867 (16.44) | − 3.1 | |
| 4 | 1179 (22.36) | 1200 (22.76) | − 1.0 | |
| 5 | 782 (14.83) | 774 (14.68) | 0.4 | |
| 6 | 1092 (20.71) | 1013 (19.21) | 3.7 | |
| Urbanization of residence | 0.0004 | |||
| Urban | 2681 (50.84) | 2499 (47.39) | 6.9 | |
| Rural | 2592 (49.16) | 2774 (52.61) | − 6.9 | |
| Charlson comorbidity index score | 0.1937 | |||
| 0 | 3831 (72.65) | 3792 (71.91) | 1.7 | |
| 1 | 545 (10.34) | 588 (11.15) | − 2.6 | |
| 2 | 762 (14.45) | 732 (13.88) | 1.6 | |
| ≥ 3 | 135 (2.56) | 161 (3.05) | − 3.0 | |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension | 3171 (60.14) | 2154 (40.85) | < 0.0001 | 39.3 |
| Prediabetes | 217 (4.12) | 248 (4.70) | 0.1415 | − 2.9 |
| Liver disease | 2561 (48.57) | 3262 (61.86) | < 0.0001 | − 27.0 |
| Metabolic disorders | 315 (5.97) | 413 (7.83) | 0.0002 | − 7.3 |
| Renal disease | 648 (12.29) | 782 (14.83) | 0.0001 | − 7.4 |
| Hypothyroidism | 261 (4.95) | 361 (6.85) | < 0.0001 | − 8.1 |
| Family history of diabetes | 10 (0.19) | 9 (0.17) | 0.8184 | 0.4 |
| Morbid obesity | 47 (0.89) | 31 (0.59) | 0.0690 | 3.5 |
| Number of outpatient visits in the previous 3 years, mean (SD) | 30.65 (21.92) | 27.95 (20.33) | < 0.0001 | 7.1 |
| Number of hospitalizations in the previous 3 years, mean (SD) | 0.2712 (0.94) | 0.3006 (0.91) | 0.1038 | − 2.4 |
| Comedication | ||||
| Fibrates | 208 (3.94) | 117 (2.22) | < 0.0001 | 10 |
| Niacin | 26 (0.49) | 28 (0.53) | 0.7849 | − 0.5 |
| Corticosteroids | 189 (3.58) | 204 (3.87) | 0.4406 | − 1.5 |
| Hypertension medications | ||||
| Beta-blocker | 1304 (24.73) | 882 (16.73) | < 0.0001 | 19.8 |
| ACE inhibitor | 533 (10.11) | 295 (5.59) | < 0.0001 | 16.8 |
| ARB | 470 (8.91) | 237 (4.49) | < 0.0001 | 17.7 |
| CCB | 1249 (23.69) | 791 (15.00) | < 0.0001 | 22.1 |
| Thiazide | 1102 (20.90) | 729 (13.83) | < 0.0001 | 18.8 |
ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, CCB calcium channel blocker
aSmall (< 10%) absolute values of the standardized difference statistics support the assumption of balance between treatment groups