3. Behavioral differences in tree shrews and mice between target-absent and target-present trials in social preference-avoidance test.

A: Comparison of total distance moved in compartment when target (novel tree shrew or mouse) is absent or present during 30 min sample period (first 15 min session: No target; second 15 min session: Target) and every 5 min. Heatmaps show total distance traveled in successive 1 min bins in social preference-avoidance test over a 30 min period for each tree shrew and mouse. B: In first 3 min of 15 min session, tree shrews demonstrated greater moving distances when target was absent than when target was present. C: Significant differences in total traveling distance in mice were found in first 6 min of 15 min session. D: Total cumulative duration of movement (moving) of tree shrews and mice in compartment during 30 min sample period and every 5 min. Heatmaps show total duration of movement (moving) of tree shrews and mice in successive 1 min bins. E, F: Cumulative duration of movement over time by tree shrews and mice from starting point through 15 min of each session. Values are means±SEM (tree shrew: n=19; mouse: n=23). Significant differences are indicated by ^*: P<0.05;^**: P<0.01;^#: P<0.05;^##: P<0.01;^$: P<0.05;^$$: P<0.01 (*: No target vs. target; #: Significantly different among target_{0-5 min}, target_{5-10 min}, and target_{10-15 min}; $: Significantly different among no target_{0-5 min}, no target_{5-10 min}, and no target_{10-15 min}).