Table 2. The nine urine overlapping metabolites potentially associated with postoperative AKI in DM.

Metabolite	Change trend	B vs. A			AKI-B vs. AKI-A			AKI-B vs. NAKI-B
		Iog2 fold change	p value	VIP	Iog2 fold change	p value	VIP	Iog2 fold change	p value	VIP
Trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline	up	6.426	0.001	1.991	6.912	0.005	2.376	3.513	0.003	5.468
Uridine triphosphate	up	5.117	0.019	1.828	6.625	0.029	2.612	1.579	0.017	2.628
P-Aminobenzoate	up	2.159	0.041	1.982	3.487	0.010	3.618	2.704	0.030	3.415
Caffeic Acid	up	0.966	0.010	1.049	1.366	0.013	1.608	0.923	0.014	1.613
Adrenochrome	up	0.791	<0.001	2.624	1.203	0.013	4.182	0.765	0.024	3.760
δ-Valerolactam	down	−0.744	<0.001	2.819	−1.149	0.004	2.429	−1.455	0.032	5.574
L-Norleucine	down	−1.330	0.001	3.745	−1.886	0.018	4.461	−1.078	0.006	3.888
5′-Deoxy-5′-(Methylthio) Adenosine	down	−1.519	0.016	1.057	−1.938	0.020	1.065	−1.244	0.008	1.223
Azelaic acid	down	−3.338	<0.001	2.768	−4.254	0.007	3.110	−1.674	0.048	1.161

Notes.

Metabolites between two groups were considered different when the p-value of the T-test <0.05 and VIP ≥ 1.

Abbreviations

A

preoperative sample

B

postoperative sample

VIP

variable importance in projection