Table 2. Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Biliary Stent Patency in Patients with Malignant Duodenobiliary Obstruction.
| Variable | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | P | |
| Age (year) | 1.168 | 0.516–2.645 | 0.709 | NA | ||
| < 63 | ||||||
| ≥ 63 | ||||||
| Sex | 1.530 | 0.679–3.445 | 0.305 | NA | ||
| Female | ||||||
| Male | ||||||
| Underlying malignancy | 1.476 | 0.542–4.021 | 0.446 | NA | ||
| Periampullary cancer* | ||||||
| Metastatic cancer† | ||||||
| Level of extrahepatic biliary obstruction | ||||||
| Distal CBD | ||||||
| Proximal CBD | 0.531 | 0.229–3.232 | 0.241 | NA | ||
| Whole CBD | 0.382 | 0.049–2.968 | 0.357 | NA | ||
| Type of biliary stent | 2.091 | 0.613–7.137 | 0.239 | NA | ||
| Uncovered | ||||||
| Covered | ||||||
| Location of distal end of biliary stent | 3.788 | 1.292–11.104 | 0.015 | 3.771 | 1.16–12.28 | 0.028 |
| Within duodenal stent | ||||||
| Beyond duodenal stent | ||||||
| Length of duodenal obstruction (mm) | 0.612 | 0.260–1.438 | 0.260 | NA | ||
| < 57 | ||||||
| ≥ 57 | ||||||
| Approach route for duodenal stenting | 0.935 | 0.403–2.166 | 0.875 | NA | ||
| Endoscopy | ||||||
| Fluoroscopy | ||||||
| Timing of duodenal stenting | 0.559 | 0.238–1.313 | 0.182 | 0.990 | 0.39–2.55 | 0.986 |
| Before biliary stenting | ||||||
| After biliary stenting | ||||||
| Type of duodenal stent | 1.724 | 0.694–4.282 | 0.241 | NA | ||
| Uncovered | ||||||
| Covered | ||||||
*Periampullary cancer includes pancreatic cancer, duodenal cancer, ampulla of Vater cancer, gallbladder cancer, and bile duct cancer, †Metastatic cancer includes gastric cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and ureter cancer. CBD = common bile duct, CI = confidence interval, HR = hazard ratio, NA = not applicable