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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Health Econ. 2020 Mar 4;71:102286. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2019.102286

Table A.1:

State Policies: First Full Active Year (up to 2011)

State PDMP MML Active and Legal Dispensaries Pain Clinic Regulations
Alabama 2005
Alaska 2009 2000
Arizona 2008 2011
Arkansas
California 1997 1997 2004
Colorado 2006 2001 2011
Connecticut 2007
Delaware 2011
District Of Columbia 2011
Florida 2010 2011
Georgia
Hawaii 1997 2001
Idaho 2001
Illinois 2001
Indiana 1994
Iowa 2007
Kansas 2009
Kentucky 1999
Louisiana 2007 2006
Maine 2004 2000
Maryland 2004
Massachusetts 1992
Michigan 2002 2009
Minnesota 2008
Mississippi 2007
Missouri
Montana 2005
Nebraska
Nevada 1996 2002
New Hampshire
New Jersey 2011 2011
New Mexico 2005 2008 2010
New York 1998
North Carolina 2006
North Dakota 2008
Ohio 2006
Oklahoma 1991
Oregon 2010 1999
Pennsylvania 2002
Rhode Island 1997 2006
South Carolina 2007
South Dakota 2011
Tennessee 2003
Texas 1998 2010
Utah 1996
Vermont 2007 2005
Virginia 2004
Washington 2008 1999
West Virginia 1996
Wisconsin 2011
Wyoming 2004

We list the first full year that the state has an active law. If a state adopted a law in January, then we count that year as the first full year. If a state enacted a policy after 2011 (the end of our sample period) or never adopted the policy, then we do not list an adoption date.