Appendix Table 9:
Effects of macroeconomic conditions on informal care receipt, including lag
| Type of care |
Source of care |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any care (1) |
ADLs (2) |
IADLs (3) |
Children (4) |
Spouse (5) |
|
| Outcome: caregiving among 40+ | |||||
| Unemployment rate | 0.0078** | 0.0054** | 0.0042 | ||
| (0.0034) | (0.0022) | (0.0028) | |||
| Lagged unemployment rate | 0.0003 | −0.0040** | 0.0032 | N/A | N/A |
| (0.0034) | (0.0019) | (0.0030) | |||
| Observations | 105741 | 105741 | 105741 | ||
| Mean dependent variable | 0.134 | 0.039 | 0.106 | ||
| Outcome: care receipt among 60–69 | |||||
| Unemployment rate | −0.0093*** | −0.0036 | −0.0084*** | −0.0045 | −0.0065*** |
| (0.0032) | (0.0022) | (0.0028) | (0.0028) | (0.0019) | |
| Lagged unemployment rate | 0.0022 | 0.0004 | 0.0030 | 0.0020 | 0.0006 |
| (0.0020) | (0.0019) | (0.0018) | (0.0017) | (0.0017) | |
| Observations | 52530 | 52530 | 52530 | 52435 | 52530 |
| Mean dependent variable | 0.089 | 0.043 | 0.064 | 0.039 | 0.054 |
| Outcome: care receipt among 70+ | |||||
| Unemployment rate | −0.0010 | −0.0022 | 0.0020 | 0.0009 | −0.0018 |
| (0.0034) | (0.0019) | (0.0035) | (0.0031) | (0.0023) | |
| Lagged unemployment rate | 0.0074* | 0.0055** | 0.0046 | 0.0051* | 0.0030 |
| (0.0041) | (0.0022) | (0.0039) | (0.0028) | (0.0029) | |
| Observations | 62850 | 62850 | 62850 | 62778 | 62850 |
| Mean dependent variable | 0.182 | 0.079 | 0.142 | 0.103 | 0.077 |
Note: Each column-panel reports the coefficient on the contemporaneous and lagged state annual unemployment rate from a separate linear probability model. The first panel uses data from the ATUS sample, while the second and third panels use data from the HRS sample. All specifications control for a quadratic in age, gender, education, marital status, race and ethnicity, share of the state population aged 18–64 and aged 65 and over, state log expenditures on total Medicaid and Medicaid HCBS services for the older population and population with physical disabilities, as well as state, year, and linear time trends by state. HRS regressions additionally control for number of children a respondent has. The ATUS regressions additionally control for family size and are weighted using individual-level weights. Standard errors, clustered by state, are in parentheses.
p < 0.10,
p < 0.05,
p < 0.01