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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Health Econ. 2020 Feb 26;71:102306. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2020.102306

Appendix Table 10:

Effects of macroeconomic conditions on informal care, logit and probit

Logit
 Probit
Type of care
 Source of care
 Type of care
 Source of care
Any care
(1)		 ADLs
(2)		 IADLs
(3)		 Children
(4)		 Spouse
(5)		 Any care
(6)		 ADLs
(7)		 IADLs
(8)		 Children
(9)		 Spouse
(10)
Outcome: caregiving among 40+
Unemployment rate 0.0672*** 0.0809* 0.0626*** N/A N/A 0.0361*** 0.0357** 0.0326*** N/A N/A
(0.0191) (0.0406) (0.0181) (0.0103) 0.0182) (0.0094)
Observations 105741 105741 105741 105741 105741 105741
Mean dependent variable 0.134 0.039 0.106 0.134 0.039 0.106
Outcome: care receipt among 60–69
Unemployment rate −0.1093*** −0.0957** −0.1097** −0.0851 −0.1317*** −0.0541*** −0.0458** −0.0498** −0.0386 −0.0633***
(0.0375) (0.0441) (0.0481) (0.0765) (0.0368) (0.0192) (0.0203) (0.0235) (0.0354) (0.0178)
Observations 51748 51748 51748 48458 51647 51748 51748 51748 48458 51647
Mean dependent variable 0.088 0.043 0.064 0.041 0.054 0.088 0.043 0.064 0.0412 0.054
Outcome: care receipt among 70+
Unemployment rate 0.0316* 0.0294* 0.0471** 0.0535** 0.0129 0.0175* 0.0143 0.0259** 0.0300** 0.0069
(0.0161) (0.0173) (0.0204) (0.0236) (0.0333) (0.0090) (0.0087) (0.0110) (0.0124) (0.0181)
Observations 62206 62206 62206 57473 62182 62206 62206 62206 57473 62182
Mean dependent variable 0.181 0.078 0.142 0.111 0.077 0.181 0.078 0.142 0.111 0.077

Note: Each cell reports the coefficient on the state annual unemployment rate from a separate model (logit in columns 1–5 and probit in columns 6–10) using data from the HRS sample. All specifications control for a quadratic in age, gender, education, marital status, race and ethnicity, number of children, share of the state population aged 18–64 and aged 65 and over, state log expenditures on total Medicaid and Medicaid HCBS services for the older population and population with physical disabilities, as well as state, year, and linear time trends by state. State-year combinations in the HRS with fewer than 10 observations are dropped due to lack of convergence. Standard errors, clustered by state, are in parentheses.

*

p < 0.10,

**

p < 0.05,

***

p < 0.01