Table 2. Primary and secondary outcome measures.
| Outcome measure | Placebo (n=29) | LGG (n=30) | RR1/MD2 (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of children with at least one episode of respiratory tract infection | 25 (86.2) | 22 (73.3) | 0.85 (0.66–1.10)* | 0.505 |
| Number of children with at least one episode of gastrointestinal infection | 9 (31.0) | 9 (30.0) | 0.97 (0.45–2.09)* | >0.999 |
| Number of children with at least one episode of pneumonia | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.3) | NA | >0.999 |
| Number of upper+lower respiratory tract infections/child | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (0.3–2.0) | 0.0 (−1.0–0.00002)* | 0.248 |
| Number of gastrointestinal infections/child | 0.0 (0.0–1.0) | 0.0 (0.0–1.0) | 0.0 (−0.00005–0.00005)† | 0.673 |
| Colic/abdominal pain | 3 (10.3) | 0 (0.0) | NA | 0.112 |
| Refusal to eat | 7 (24.1) | 3 (10.0) | 0.41 (0.12–1.45)* | 0.181 |
| Weight gain faltering | 2 (6.9) | 0 (0.0) | NA | 0.237 |
| Eczema | 1 (3.4) | 4 (13.3) | 3.87 (0.46–32.57)* | 0.353 |
| Asthma | 1 (3.4) | 0 (0.0) | NA | 0.492 |
| Urinary tract infection | 1 (3.4) | 1 (3.3) | 0.97 (0.06–14.74)* | >0.999 |
LGG: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, RR: relative risk, MD: median difference, CI: confidence interval, NA: not available.
*Relative risk with 95% CI (Placebo vs. LGG)
†Median difference between groups with 95% CI.