. 2020 May 13;13:107–118. doi: 10.2147/IJNRD.S247907

Table 4.

Regression Coefficients from Robust Multiple Linear Models for the Prediction of Blood Pressure by DXA-Derived Measures of Body Fat Distribution, Accounting for Potential Effects of Age and Gender

	SBP			DBP			PP			MAP
	β	95% CI	p	β	95% CI	p	β	95% CI	p	β	95% CI	p
Age	0.84	0.64 to 1.04	<0.0001	0.18	0.04 to 0.31	0.011	0.61	0.46 to 0.76	<0.0001	0.40	0.26 to 0.54	<0.0001
Gender	1.17	−6.73 to 9.07	0.770	1.49	−3.91 to 6.89	0.587	−0.27	−6.17 to 5.63	0.927	1.49	−4.20 to 7.18	0.606
FM	0.05	−0.20 to 0.31	0.670	0.10	−0.07 to 0.27	0.278	−0.01	−0.20 to 0.18	0.885	0.08	−0.10 to 0.26	0.398
CKD	6.89	−16.8 to 30.57	0.567	−5.37	−21.57 to 10.82	0.513	9.84	−7.86 to 27.53	0.274	−1.89	−18.95 to 15.17	0.827
CKDxFM	−0.40	−1.04 to 0.25	0.227	−0.07	−0.52 to 0.37	0.746	−0.28	−0.76 to 0.20	0.253	−0.16	−0.63 to 0.30	0.493
Adjusted R²	0.31			0.08			0.31			0.18
Age	0.84	0.64 to 1.04	<0.0001	0.17	0.03 to 0.30	0.016	0.62	0.47 to 0.77	<0.0001	0.39	0.25 to 0.53	<0.0001
Gender	0.90	−6.74 to 8.53	0.816	1.28	−3.84 to 6.40	0.623	−0.29	−6.01 to 5.42	0.919	1.26	−4.20 to 6.73	0.648
TFM	0.13	−0.34 to 0.60	0.592	0.25	−0.07 to 0.57	0.123	−0.06	−0.42 to 0.29	0.724	0.20	−0.13 to 0.54	0.235
CKD	2.89	−20.26 to 26.03	0.806	−5.72	−21.24 to 9.80	0.468	5.48	−11.84 to 22.80	0.533	−3.32	−19.88 to 13.24	0.693
CKDxTFM	−0.54	−1.73 to 0.65	0.369	−0.12	−0.91 to 0.68	0.770	−0.30	−1.19 to 0.58	0.500	−0.23	−1.08 to 0.62	0.589
Adjusted R²	0.31			0.09			0.30			0.19
Age	0.84	0.65 to 1.04	<0.0001	0.20	0.06 to 0.33	0.004	0.61	0.46 to 0.75	<0.0001	0.41	0.27 to 0.56	<0.0001
Gender	2.09	−5.97 to 10.14	0.609	2.80	−2.67 to 8.26	0.313	−0.42	−6.38 to 5.54	0.890	2.68	−3.16 to 8.52	0.365
LFM	0.06	−0.58 to 0.71	0.854	0.04	−0.40 to 0.48	0.857	0.06	−0.42 to 0.53	0.815	0.03	−0.43 to 0.50	0.888
CKD	15.01	−7.99 to 38.00	0.199	−2.51	−18.10 to 13.08	0.751	15.31	−1.71 to 32.33	0.078	2.17	−14.49 to 18.83	0.797
CKDxLFM	−1.81	−3.61 to 0.00	0.050	−0.42	−1.64 to 0.81	0.503	−1.27	−2.60 to 0.07	0.064	−0.80	−2.11 to 0.51	0.232
Adjusted R²	0.32			0.08			0.31			0.18
Age	0.84	0.64 to 1.04	<0.0001	0.17	0.03 to 0.31	0.014	0.62	0.47 to 0.77	<0.0001	0.40	0.25 to 0.54	<0.0001
Gender	1.14	−6.87 to 9.14	0.779	1.09	−4.40 to 6.57	0.696	0.05	−5.93 to 6.04	0.986	1.10	−4.66 to 6.87	0.706
AFM	0.38	−1.50 to 2.26	0.690	0.83	−0.45 to 2.12	0.203	−0.30	−1.70 to 1.11	0.677	0.70	−0.65 to 2.05	0.307
CKD	−0.17	−20.83 to 20.50	0.987	−7.12	−21.28 to 7.03	0.322	4.08	−11.37 to 19.52	0.603	−5.28	−20.17 to 9.61	0.485
CKDxAFM	−1.65	−6.07 to 2.77	0.462	−0.21	−3.23 to 2.82	0.893	−1.00	−4.31 to 2.30	0.550	−0.58	−3.77 to 2.60	0.716
Adjusted R²	0.31			0.08			0.30			0.18
Age	0.84	0.62 to 1.06	<0.0001	0.13	−0.01 to 0.27	0.078	0.62	0.46 to 0.79	<0.0001	0.37	0.21 to 0.53	<0.0001
Gender	1.74	−5.51 to 8.99	0.636	2.68	−2.13 to 7.49	0.273	−0.53	−5.93 to 4.88	0.848	2.58	−2.58 to 7.75	0.325
VAT	0.01	−0.04 to 0.05	0.788	0.02	−0.00 to 0.05	0.102	−0.01	−0.04 to 0.02	0.674	0.02	−0.01 to 0.05	0.280
CKD	−12.38	−36.94 to 12.17	0.321	−12.10	−28.39 to 4.20	0.145	−3.12	−21.44 to 15.21	0.737	−12.22	−29.73 to 5.28	0.170
CKDxVAT	0.02	−0.08 to 0.12	0.683	0.02	−0.05 to 0.09	0.588	0.01	−0.07 to 0.09	0.785	0.02	−0.05 to 0.09	0.562
Adjusted R²	0.31			0.10			0.31			0.19
Age	0.85	0.65 to 1.05	<0.0001	0.17	0.03 to 0.30	0.014	0.62	0.47 to 0.77	<0.0001	0.40	0.25 to 0.54	<0.0001
Gender	0.91	−7.25 to 9.06	0.826	0.54	−4.88 to 5.96	0.843	0.16	−5.91 to 6.23	0.958	0.82	−5.01 to 6.65	0.782
SAT	0.00	−0.02 to 0.02	0.725	0.01	−0.00 to 0.03	0.100	−0.00	−0.02 to 0.01	0.561	0.01	−0.01 to 0.02	0.256
CKD	−1.97	−31.34 to 27.41	0.895	−6.31	−25.83 to 13.21	0.524	1.95	−19.92 to 23.82	0.860	−5.23	−26.24 to 15.79	0.624
CKDxSAT	−0.01	−0.07 to 0.05	0.698	−0.00	−0.04 to 0.04	0.884	−0.01	−0.05 to 0.04	0.807	−0.01	−0.05 to 0.04	0.819
Adjusted R²	0.31			0.09			0.30			0.18

Notes: Data are presented as β-coefficients, 95% confidence intervals (CI) and p-values (p) for each body distribution variable, as well as R² for each model; All fat mass measures in kg.

Abbreviations: SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PP, pulse pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; CKD, chronic kidney disease; FM, fat mass; TFM, trunk fat mass; LFM, leg fat mass; AFM, arm fat mass; VAT, visceral adipose tissue; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue.