Table 3.  Comparison of the CSI and CQLS subscale scores of elderly people before and after reflexology.

Scale/Group	Control	Experimental	P value
CSI
SO (Before)	18.17 ± 3.37	20.20 ± 2.60	P = 0.955
SO (After)	18.10 ± 3.40	10.77 ± 2.65	P < 0.001
CO (Before)	17.34 ± 3.40	18.37 ± 2.69	P = 0.947
CO (After)	17.28 ± 2.96	10.27 ± 2.55	P < 0.001
P (Before)	4.17 ± 2.96	5.03 ± 3.55	P = 0.655
P (After)	4.45 ± 2.48	0.93 ± 1.57	P < 0.001
CQLS
PhD (Before)	14.45 ± 2.35	15.17 ± 1.93	P = 0.066
PhD (After)	14.90 ± 2.25	10.10 ± 1.76	P < 0.001
PsD (Before)	26.76 ± 4.22	27.80 ± 3.02	P = 0.940
3PsD (After)	26.76 ± 4.38	26.93 ± 3.40	P < 0.001
W (Before)	39.41 ± 5.06	38.70 ± 4.75	P = 0.532
W (After)	39.07 ± 3.99	26.93 ± 3.40	P < 0.001
S (Before)	12.70 ± 2.34	12.70 ± 1.95	P = 0.341
S (After)	12.41 ± 1.93	16.10 ± 1.93	P < 0.001

CO, colon obstruction; n.s., not significant; P, pain; PhD, physical discomfort; PsD, psychosocial discomfort; S, Satisfaction; SO, stool obstruction; W, worries. *Wilcoxon test.