Table 1.

Direct replication criteria

		Direct	Conceptual
Treatments
General Tx	Same treatment	+	+
Dose	Same number of sessions	+	−
Format	Same format (Group v. Individual)	+	−
Manual	Same Tx manuals	+	+
Clients
Diagnosis	Same diagnostic population	+	+
Characteristics	Similar demographic population	+	−
Sample size	At least as large	+	+
Therapists
Competence	Same profession/training	+	−
Adherence	Protocol checks – same level	+	−
Outcome	Same outcome measures	+	−
Design
Randomization	Random assignment	+	+
Conclusion
Effect size	Same or larger Tx difference	+	+

‘+’ = This is a feature that must remain the same in the primary trial and replication; ‘−’ = this is a feature that can be different in the replication.